Three Lonely Outcasts :: Free Essay Writer

Three Lonely OutcastsIn Of Mice and Men by John Steinbeck almost all of the characters are ranch custody and they are solitary wanderers. They live very lonely, solitary lives, drifting from one ranch to another. They don?t wee-wee many friends and they don?t make much money. There are three characters on the ranch who are the lonliest of the lonely because they are also outcasts or misfits who don?t fit in with what is considered ?normal? by the other ranch hands. Lennie is an outcast because he is retarded, Crooks is an outcast because he is black, and Curley?s married woman is an outcast because she is a woman. These three outcasts look for ships company throughout the novel.First, Lennie is a lonely outcast because he is retarded. whiz of the reasons he doesn?t fit in with the other ranch hands is because he doesn?t always understand what people are talking about. He doesn?t even always understand George. Lennie admits this when Crooks says to him, ?Sometimes he talks and and you don?t know what the hell he?s talkin? about.? (Steinbeck,77). simply Lennie always needs companionship. He is never alone, even if he has a dead mouse or a puppy with him. George would sometimes punish Lenny by not letting him tend to the rabbits on the ranch. And Lennie?s biggest fear is of being abandoned by George He won?t do it,? Lennie cried. ?George wouldn?t do nothing like that. I been with George a long time. He?ll come back tonight But the doubt was too much for him.? (Steinbeck,78).The second lonely outcast is Curley?s wife. The other ranch hands stay away from her because she is a woman and because she is the wife of the boss? son. Also, even though her husband is very jealous, she is so lonely that she tries to get attention from the ranch hands, which makes Curley even angrier and more jealous. She is like the outcast of the outcasts. One night, when everyone else is away from the ranch, Lennie and Candy are in Crooks? room. Even though it is just the three ?. . . weak ones here? (Steinbeck,84), when Curley?s wife is lonely and wants to join them, they won?t let her ?Maybe you better go along to your own house now.

George Handel :: Music, Operas, Allelujah Chorous

George Handel was one of the best stillrs of his time. Handel really didnt grow up with melody but when he got the hang of it there was no looking at back. Handel was not your average child, he became great at what he did at a tender age. By the age of eleven, Handel was able not only to compose but also to give organ lessons(Kamien 169). Handel played several instruments and begin performing in operas before he was twenty-one. Handel father was main(prenominal) factor of his life, he was the one that let Handel pursue music full-time at a young age. Perhaps to honor the wishes of his father, who had died when Handel was twelve, he entered Halle University at seventeen to study law(Kamien 169). Handel by and by drop out of school and traveled to different places to pursue his music.George Handel wrote many operas and oratorios. nearly of his first operas got him well-known in England. He became Englands most important composer and a favorite of Queen Anne, who gave him a subsi dy of 200 a year(Kamien 170). however with the good theres always a bad. For a percentage point of time, Handel shows were doing good, he even had his own company arouse his operas but soon things would change. both(prenominal) opera companies went bankrupt as a result of the competition, and Handel suffered a breakdown(Kamien 170). In, 1741, George Handel produce one of his best works messiah. Handel stopped writing operas entirely(Kamien 170).Oratorios poured from his pen(170). Oratorios dont involve acting, and costumes like operas. the Nazarene still to this day is one of George Handel greatest works. Messiah lasts about two and half hours and was composed in just twenty-four days(Kamien 171). Messiah did not get its success overnight but it took time to attain its success. Unlike most of Handels oratorios, Messiah is meditative rather than dramatic it lacks plot, action, and specific characters(Kamien 172).Messiah is still being use to this day. Mozart made one, and still by and by versions argon often played by orchestras for one hundred and choruses of several hundred(Kamien 172).another(prenominal) one of George Handel great works is Hallelujah Chorus. This is the popular name for the chorus that closes break dance 2 of Handels Messiah, which consist of three parts(Alison 1). This chorus is known everywhere, you might scram heard it or recognize it in church, movies, and plays. In the Hallelujah Chorus, words and phrases are repeated over and over, as has been common practice in choral music for several centuries(Kamien 177).George Handel Music, Operas, Allelujah ChorousGeorge Handel was one of the best composers of his time. Handel really didnt grow up with music but when he got the hang of it there was no looking back. Handel was not your average child, he became great at what he did at a young age. By the age of eleven, Handel was able not only to compose but also to give organ lessons(Kamien 169). Handel played several instruments and begin playing in operas before he was twenty-one. Handel father was important factor of his life, he was the one that let Handel pursue music full-time at a young age. Perhaps to honor the wishes of his father, who had died when Handel was twelve, he entered Halle University at seventeen to study law(Kamien 169). Handel later drop out of school and traveled to different places to pursue his music.George Handel wrote many operas and oratorios. Some of his first operas got him well-known in England. He became Englands most important composer and a favorite of Queen Anne, who gave him a subsidy of 200 a year(Kamien 170). But with the good theres always a bad. For a period of time, Handel shows were doing good, he even had his own company produce his operas but soon things would change. Both opera companies went bankrupt as a result of the competition, and Handel suffered a breakdown(Kamien 170). In, 1741, George Handel produce one of his best works Messiah. Handel stopped writing operas entirely(Kamien 170).Oratorios poured from his pen(170). Oratorios dont have acting, and costumes like operas. Messiah still to this day is one of George Handel greatest works. Messiah lasts about two and half hours and was composed in just twenty-four days(Kamien 171). Messiah did not get its success overnight but it took time to gain its success. Unlike most of Handels oratorios, Messiah is meditative rather than dramatic it lacks plot, action, and specific characters(Kamien 172).Messiah is still being use to this day. Mozart made one, and still later versions are often played by orchestras for one hundred and choruses of several hundred(Kamien 172).Another one of George Handel great works is Hallelujah Chorus. This is the popular name for the chorus that closes part 2 of Handels Messiah, which consist of three parts(Alison 1). This chorus is known everywhere, you might have heard it or recognize it in church, movies, and plays. In the Hallelujah Chorus, words and phrases are repeated over and over, as has been common practice in choral music for several centuries(Kamien 177).

Free Terrorism Essays: We Must Oppose Peaceniks :: September 11 Terrorism Essays

We Must Oppose Peaceniks   There is a certain segment of the population on any modern college campus that is never satisfied unless it is dissatisfied. So addicted is this small minority to the rush one receives from righteous indignation that, after centuries of moral progress in what is by now a relatively just society, their lives be reduced to a desperate search for sufficiently eye-catching wickeds to combat. Sweatshops one year, the low wages of University workers the near - while collegiate activism addicts often find themselves fighting real and continuing injustices, their brief battles are mere momentary fads, reduced to being the political eq of bellbottoms or boy bands.   In the middle of the 2001 fall fashion season, however - a season which was supposed to bring with it both shorter hemlines and renewed opposition to the IMF - Americans witnessed evil in its purest and most dramatic form. Here, finally, was a genuine need for immediate action. Habitual ac tivists thus joined their fellow students in giving blood and parcel to organize aid for the victims of the tragedy, and I applaud them for their good work.   Horrified at for once being part of a moral majority, however, this coterie soon entrap that the relief effort was insufficient to satisfy its old addiction. A real jolt of righteous indignation, it seems, comes only from a stance directly opposed to that of the American mainstream, or, as they like to call it, the capitalist hegemony. The movementarians needed to find a new, less popular movement for themselves, and sure enough one was to be put up with relative ease - a late 60s classic that never goes out of style, one by the name of peace.   Generally speaking, I too am in favor of peace. (For the record, Im generally well to the left of Joe Lieberman.) Not only would I take a state of peace over a state of state of war any day, I am also opposed to such military tactics as the invasion of randomly selected d eveloping nations or the wholesale beating of their innocent civilians. Except for those with a religiously grounded commitment to absolute pacifism, however, we can all agree that there are times when certain acts of war are both appropriate and just. The vast majority of the American people believe that now is one of those times, and they are right to do so.

Airplane Safety Essay -- essays research papers

The main purpose of the article, Airspace Blunders, is to identify the leading causes for air space incursions, more commonly known as near-midair collisions, and to provide alternative courses of action to prevent them.Prior to 9/11, the Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) account 10 clearly defined categories of causes Unfamiliarity, Complex airspace, Overlying airspace, High workloads, Trusting technology too much, Confusion over landmarks, Problems getting clearances, Cutting it too Close, and finally, I didnt realizeOf the causes identified, one was pilots being unfamiliar with the airspace boundaries, not being able to pick out local landmarks based on a section chart, understanding urban settings, strict noise abatement procedures and identifying different airspace classes. When you add in rapid-fire communications, high traffic flows and the complexity of a fresh patch of airspace, the challenges become much greater. The article suggests pilots being better prepared may mitigate these obstacles. This entails making sure the charts have proper scaling to mention key landmarks. These charts must then be studied. Prior to the flight, pilots were recommended to contact local pilots and flight instructors to obtain a sound understanding on normal clearances and authority problems. When flying in complex airspace, the potential for flying into restricted airspace increases. Filing IFR for flight operations is an easier and safer option....

A Comparison of Butlers Life and Kindred Essay -- comparison compare

A Comparison of Butlers Life and resembling What lies in the mind of an author as he or she begins the recollective task of writing a fiction novel? This question can be answered if the authors livelihood is studied and then compared to the work itself. Octavia E. Butlers life and her novel Kindred have remarkable comparisons. This essay will point out important events of Butlers life and how they link to the mentioned novel. Octavia Estelle Butler was born on June 22, 1947 in Pasadena, California (Voices From 1). She began her life with many hardships as an only child and having her father die when she was actually young (Voices From 1). She grew up in a location that had a wide bod of racial backgrounds, however Butler never felt like she lived in a world of segregation (Notable Black 144). She describes the situation best when she states, I never...lived in a segregated neighborhood nor went to segregated school the whole community was an economic ghetto (Notable Black 144) . The lack of money sometimes creates a humble aviation and that must have been the case with Pasadena throughout her childhood. Until this point it seems as if Butler had a very unhappy childhood, but the life that she was living was shaping her to give-up the ghost the great author that she is today. Trials can become positive experiences for one to grow and mature and this was definitely her case. Having been an only child, Butler spent most of her time adjoin by an adult crowd, presumably the acquaintances of her mother (Notable Black 144). Thus, she grew up as a very solitary individual (Notable Black 144). She was also inflicted with dyslexia, which made it very difficult for her to keep up with the rest of the children her age (Notable Black 144).... ...utler, Octavia E. Kindred. Boston Beacon Press, 1979. Doerksen, Teri Ann. Into Darkness Peering Race and Color in the Fantastic. Ed. Elisabeth Anne Leonard. Westport, Conn Greenwood Press, 1997. Gates, Jr., Henry Louis , and Dorothy Allison. interpreting Black, Reading Feminist A Critical Anthology. Ed. Henry Louis Gates. New York Meridian Book, 1990. Jackson, Jerome H. Sci-fi Tales from Octavia E. Butler. The Crisis 101.3(1994) 4-5,10. Smith, Jessie Carney, Ed. Notable Black American Women. Detroit Gale Research, 1992. Stevenson, Rosemary. Black Women in America an Historical Encyclopedia. Ed. Darlene Clark Hine, Elsa Barkley Brown, Rosalyn Terborg-Penn. Brooklyn, N.Y. Carlson Pub., 1993. Voices From the Gaps -- Women Writers of Color. July 31, 1998. October 14, 1998. http//english.cla.umn.edu/Ilkd/vfg/Authors/OctaviaButler.

Human Perception :: Psychology Essays

Human erudition An Intimate Look Into The Most Intriguing Aspect of Modern Psychology.It determines what we visualize, what we do, what we feel. It controls ouremotions, our thoughts, and our conscience. What is this infrequent element ofthe human headspring? It is called perception. Perception as defined in the Merrian-Webster Dictionary as the following-1 a awareness of the elements of environment through tangiblesensationb carnal sensation interpreted in the light of experience2 a quick, acute, and intuitive cognition APPRECIATIONb capacity for comprehension     Perception. As difficult as it is to define it, it is impossible to correctlyconceive a "correct" or "right" way to use it. Perception varies with not onlyhumans, and with virtually all other animals as well, whether through instinctor with conscious thought. Let us take this a step farther. When a bee looks ata flower that is meant for feeding from, they do not only notice the colors thehuman mind sop ups. The bee sees a colour "run-way" directly into the core of theflower, guide it into the source of nectar. This brings us to the question-"is what we see real, or is what we see our own reality?". What the human mindsees is only three dimensions. Since Albert wizardry initiative conjured thescientific incident of a fourth dimension, human beings have longed to see it.Many people assume that it does not exist simply because they cannot see it.They are not fitted to see the yellow "run-way" into the heart of a flower, but tothe bee and an ultraviolet light, that "run-way" is certainly real. Peoplesphysical use of their own perception is very limited, as such marked in the"tunnel-vision" effect. A good example of the Tunnel Vision effect is aperception or thought such as "if I cannot see it, it simply does not exist". Weas humans are limited not only to what we can sense, but how we apprehend wh at wesense. Such is a unnerving question. What if that fourth dimension does exist,what if we can see it , only our brain cannot perceive it being there, thereforit never exists in the first place. I would consider that as a paradox.     Where does perception come from? Is it a head of the upbringing andsurroundings of an individual (animal or human), or is it a result of genetics?Certainly I would believe that conditioning has a great impact on anindividuals perception. An example to that would be as such A label is abused,Human Perception Psychology Essays Human Perception An Intimate Look Into The Most Intriguing Aspect of Modern Psychology.It determines what we see, what we do, what we feel. It controls ouremotions, our thoughts, and our conscience. What is this remarkable element ofthe human mind? It is called perception. Perception as defined in the Merrian-Webster Dictionary as the following-1 a awareness of the elements of environment through physi calsensationb Physical sensation interpreted in the light of experience2 a quick, acute, and intuitive cognition APPRECIATIONb capacity for comprehension     Perception. As hard as it is to define it, it is impossible to correctlyconceive a "correct" or "right" way to use it. Perception varies with not onlyhumans, but with virtually all other animals as well, whether through instinctor with conscious thought. Let us take this a step farther. When a bee looks ata flower that is meant for feeding from, they do not only notice the colors thehuman mind sees. The bee sees a yellow "run-way" directly into the core of theflower, guiding it into the source of nectar. This brings us to the question-"is what we see real, or is what we see our own reality?". What the human mindsees is only three dimensions. Since Albert Einstein first conjured thescientific possibility of a fourth dimension, human beings have longed to see it.Many people a ssume that it does not exist simply because they cannot see it.They are not able to see the yellow "run-way" into the heart of a flower, but tothe bee and an ultraviolet light, that "run-way" is certainly real. Peoplesphysical use of their own perception is very limited, as such noticeable in the"tunnel-vision" effect. A good example of the Tunnel Vision effect is aperception or thought such as "if I cannot see it, it simply does not exist". Weas humans are limited not only to what we can sense, but how we perceive what wesense. Such is a formidable question. What if that fourth dimension does exist,what if we can see it , only our brain cannot perceive it being there, thereforit never exists in the first place. I would consider that as a paradox.     Where does perception come from? Is it a result of the upbringing andsurroundings of an individual (animal or human), or is it a result of genetics?Certainly I would believe that cond itioning has a great impact on anindividuals perception. An example to that would be as such A dog is abused,

Human Perception :: Psychology Essays

compassionate apprehension An Intimate Look Into The Most Intriguing Aspect of Modern Psychology.It determines what we ingest, what we do, what we feel. It controls ouremotions, our thoughts, and our conscience. What is this remarkable piece ofthe human mind? It is called perception. Perception as defined in the Merrian-Webster Dictionary as the following-1 a awargonness of the elements of environment through physical protagonistb Physical hero interpreted in the light of experience2 a quick, acute, and intuitive cognition APPRECIATIONb capacity for intuition     Perception. As hard as it is to define it, it is impossible to correctlyconceive a "correct" or "right" way to use it. Perception varies with non onlyhumans, but with well-nigh all other animals as well, whether through instinctor with conscious thought. Let us take this a yard farther. When a bee looks ata flower that is meant for feeding from, they do not only notice the co lors thehuman mind sees. The bee sees a yellow "run-way" straight into the core of theflower, guiding it into the cite of nectar. This brings us to the question-"is what we see real, or is what we see our own reality?". What the human mindsees is only three dimensions. Since Albert Einstein commencement ceremony conjured thescientific possibility of a quaternary dimension, human beings have longed to see it.Many people assume that it does not exist plainly because they cannot see it.They are not able to see the yellow "run-way" into the heart of a flower, but tothe bee and an ultraviolet light, that "run-way" is certainly real. Peoplesphysical use of their own perception is very limited, as such noticeable in the"tunnel-vision" effect. A good example of the Tunnel Vision effect is aperception or thought such as "if I cannot see it, it simply does not exist". Weas humans are limited not only to what we can sense, but how we perceiv e what wesense. such(prenominal) is a formidable question. What if that fourth dimension does exist,what if we can see it , only our brain cannot perceive it being there, thereforit never exists in the first place. I would consider that as a paradox.     Where does perception come from? Is it a result of the upbringing andsurroundings of an individual (animal or human), or is it a result of genetics?Certainly I would view that conditioning has a great impact on anindividuals perception. An example to that would be as such A dog is abused,Human Perception Psychology Essays Human Perception An Intimate Look Into The Most Intriguing Aspect of Modern Psychology.It determines what we see, what we do, what we feel. It controls ouremotions, our thoughts, and our conscience. What is this remarkable element ofthe human mind? It is called perception. Perception as defined in the Merrian-Webster Dictionary as the following-1 a awareness of the elements of environment through physicalsensationb Physical sensation interpreted in the light of experience2 a quick, acute, and intuitive cognition APPRECIATIONb capacity for comprehension     Perception. As hard as it is to define it, it is impossible to correctlyconceive a "correct" or "right" way to use it. Perception varies with not onlyhumans, but with virtually all other animals as well, whether through instinctor with conscious thought. Let us take this a step farther. When a bee looks ata flower that is meant for feeding from, they do not only notice the colors thehuman mind sees. The bee sees a yellow "run-way" directly into the core of theflower, guiding it into the source of nectar. This brings us to the question-"is what we see real, or is what we see our own reality?". What the human mindsees is only three dimensions. Since Albert Einstein first conjured thescientific possibility of a fourth dimension, human beings have longed to see it. Many people assume that it does not exist simply because they cannot see it.They are not able to see the yellow "run-way" into the heart of a flower, but tothe bee and an ultraviolet light, that "run-way" is certainly real. Peoplesphysical use of their own perception is very limited, as such noticeable in the"tunnel-vision" effect. A good example of the Tunnel Vision effect is aperception or thought such as "if I cannot see it, it simply does not exist". Weas humans are limited not only to what we can sense, but how we perceive what wesense. Such is a formidable question. What if that fourth dimension does exist,what if we can see it , only our brain cannot perceive it being there, thereforit never exists in the first place. I would consider that as a paradox.     Where does perception come from? Is it a result of the upbringing andsurroundings of an individual (animal or human), or is it a result of genetics?Certainly I would beli eve that conditioning has a great impact on anindividuals perception. An example to that would be as such A dog is abused,

General accepted accounting principles Essay

This is a set of rules that guide accountants and auditors in preparation and audit of pecuniary relations. GAAPs guide financial reporting in public organizations at a lower place second base requirements as well as in private companies and government organizations. These rules argon not rigid and therefore allow the accountants and auditors applying them some room to make take in judgments.GAAPs ensure that financial statements prepared under its standards are comparable, consistent, reliable and relevant. Such financial statement aid users in decision-making on such issues as invest decisions, credit worthiness and tax computation. They help accountants make decisions when encountered by a difficult situation. Financial statements prepared under GAAPs withal reflect a line up picture of the entitys financial position. (Stickney, C. and R. Weil, 2005)Historical costIt is a generally accepted report principle that applies to preparation of the balance cerement. This princi ple dictates that an item in the financial statement should be recorded at the amount that it was paid for rather than at commercialize value. This is because the market value fluctuates a lot and those preparing financial statements may apply subjective measures of the market value. Recording assets at their actual cost does not affect a business entity much since assets are held to drive the entitys operations and not for resale.It is criticized for ignoring the time value of money and market values of the various balance sheet items. However it is preferred as it leaves the forethought no room to manipulate the values as they would with market values. Financial statements prepared under this principles on therefore more reliable. (Stickney, C. and R. Weil, 2005)Accrual basis vs. notes basis accountingAccrual basis accounting recognizes revenue in the accounting period it is realized or earned and not necessarily when they are paid up. Revenue is considered realizable if the e ntity has enough ground to expect funds in prox. It is considered earned when the entity has done enough to warrant compensation. The aggregation basis alike dictates that expenses be charged from revenue they were incurred to produce.Cash basis accounting on the other hand, requires that revenues is recognized in the accounting period that cash is received and expenses in the period they are paid for. Revenues and expenses involves in credit transactions are therefore not recognized until payment is done. It is usually applied in small organizations with a short credit periods. It is simple and inexpensive since one does not find to maintain several ledger accounts such as accounts payable accounts receivable, prepaid and accrued expenses. It also allows the entities to defer tax payments until it receives the cash.However accrual basis is more widely utilise since it gives a fairer view of the financial performance of an entity. It also complies with the accrual and matchin g concepts under US GAAP. The difference between the two methods is on timing of recording transactions. Cash basis traces all cash flows unless fails to match revenues with expenses incurred. Accrual basis matches revenues with expenses incurred but fails to trace cash flows. (Stickney, C. and R. Weil, 2005) To overcome this deficiency, the entity has to prepare a cash flow statement. veritable assets and liabilities vs. non- topical itemsCurrent assets are cash and assets that can be converted in to cash within a short period probably within a year. They include accounts receivable, inventory and prepaid expenses. Non current assets are not convertible to cash in a short period and if convertible, there are still non-current as they are used in the entitys operation.Non-current assets are either tangible or intangible. Tangible assets include property and plant and machinery while intangibles include goodwills and patents. Current liabilities are those liabilities that fall due a nd are paid up within a year include accounts payable accruals, and tax liability. Non-current liabilities fall due in the long term and include such items long-term debt and deferred income tax.This classification is useful in determining the financial position of an entity. A business entity should pay its current liabilities with current assets and non-current liabilities with non-current assets and equity. A firm financing its current liabilities with non-current assets is not in a healthy financial position.Part 2Wal-Mart stores IncThe consolidated balance sheet is arranged in the order of liquidity while the cash flow is prepared under the indirect methods. All the statements are prepared in form with the US GAAP. Accrual basis accounting is applied and revenues are matched with the expenses incurred to generate them. Assets are recorded at the actual cost of acquisition and not at the market value. The balance sheet items are classified as current and non- current items. (Wa l-Mart, 2008)Wal-Mart Stores cash flow from direct activities is higher than the net income. The company is in a position to meet its financial obligations as they fall due. The cash flow from operate activities is more useful to Wal-Mart since it is harder to manipulate than net income. This is especially so for a retailer where the management can engage in sales boosting activities such as channel stuffing. (Williams J. and J. Carcello, 2006).Google IncThe corporations income statement is prepared under the common sized format is thus easier to analyze. The balance sheet and cash flow statement have been combined in to a single statement devoid of much detail.The corporations cash flow from operating activities is higher than the net income, which is an indication of enough liquidity to meet obligations as they perplex due. The net income for Google is however more useful than the net cash flow from operating as more details of its calculation is provided in the companys annual report while the cash flow is given as a final figure. (Google, 2008)Honda worldwideThe financial statements are prepared using the accrual basis accounting and historical cost concept. The revenues and expenses are matched and balance sheet items recorded at the actual cost rather than in fair market value. The balance sheet items are classified as current and non-current and are in order of liquidity.The statements are in compliance with the Japanese financial accounting standards, and are in conformity with the US GAAP. The positive net cash flow from operations indicates that company has enough liquidity to meet its financial obligations. The operating cash flow is more useful since net income does not reflect the firms true financial performance. The cash dividends are paid out cash from operating activities and it was therefore prudent to issue them. (Honda, 2006)PredictionsWal-Mart StoresThe company is likely to be more profitable and have higher cash flows in 2007. This is because its investment budget twain domestically and internationally has grown consistently over time. From the annual report it is clear that while the firm will expand its operations internationally, the growth in revenues and cash flow may be hampered by interest rate fluctuations and exchange rate fluctuations. The effect of these fluctuations is however mitigated through hedges. (Wal-Mart, 2008)GoogleThe company future financial out look is healthy and income and cash flow from operating activities are likely to grow in 2007. Constant growth in both measures of performance has been also increased absolutely and also relative to reverse. It has also achieved greater efficiency as the proportion of net income in revenue has growth consistently. The trend is likely to continue in 2007. (Google, 2008)Honda worldwideWhile the net income has been growing over time the net cash flow from operating activities have declined in 2006. This is an indication that the company may experienc e cash flow problems in 2007. This company projects that revenues will grow in 2007 in spite of risks comprise by interest rate and foreign exchange fluctuations. It however projects the growth to be moderate. (Honda, 2006)

Foreshadowing and irony in “Story of an Hour” Essay

Through place the history Story of an Hour there are a few subtle instances of foreshadowing and irony. These instances explain the around of the scenes throughout the story. The opening sentence foreshadows Mrs. Mallards death at the end of the story as it explains how serious Mrs. Mallards heart foreboding really was, as great care was taken to break the news of her husbands death.The irony that is of Mrs. Mallards death upon finding out her husband did not die in the train wreck, and when she sees him the shock kills her. Richards was so careful to break the news of Mr. Mallards death its dry that Mrs. Mallard ended up dieing when she learned he was still alive and not of his supposed tragic death.The detail where her bosom rose and fell exuberantly is more than just a feeling. That sentence leads the reader to a better understanding of why Mrs. Mallards died so suddenly after she sets her look on her husband. The line explains how Mrs. Mallard is becoming more and more agit ated with overwhelming feelings of sadness for her husband but at the same time license for herself. This, getting her troubled heart going, she feels the possibility of death approaching and tries to fight back with her will.The Mood inside the her room is confusion, as Mrs. Mallard is both fray of the death of her husband but at the same time excited with the possibilities of being a widow finally being able to gain some control over her life. As Mrs. Mallard looks out the window she sees the tree tops, blue skies she hears the birds singing and the noise of the street below. All of these things open her eyes to the immunity her husbands death has giver her. The confusion inside disappears as she looks out the window into a potentially happy life awaiting her.Richness is added to the story by all the hints, clues and suggestions show how Mrs. Mallard spends an hour of rollercoaster emotions from sadness, happiness, freedom, relief and finally shock. Which in the end takes her l ife after feeling the highs and lows of her emotions in such a short period of time, her troubled heart just cant take it.

Biography

From the early ages of her life Purvi Patel has had an interesting life. From her very early years in India to p arenthood, family has been has been the greatest aspect of her life. She was the oldest of four, two junior sisters, Pinku and Chacu, and a brother, Mitul. They lived in Nadiad a sm each(prenominal) town in Gujarat, India. duration growing up there wasnt much to do that was fun. Her parents, Surendra and Amita, were very strict and wouldnt yield her to go anywhere or do anything after(prenominal) dark. As she got older she started taking on more(prenominal) responsibility.At age 11 she had started taking care of her siblings more often and started cooking and cleaning. Her mother made her learn these things at a young age to k direct what to do later on in her life. While going into her teen years she ended high school at the age of 16 and went to college the same year. While in college she was attacked by a hotdog contagious with rabies. After she got her rabies sh ot she was okay. Later the next day they killed the rabid dog. As the years passed she needed to get married. She had an arranged marriage with Amrish Patel at the age of 18.In India at the time there were rarely any love weddings marriages mainly all were arranged. They grew to love each other soon after. Shortly after they both had immigrated to America and both attended college again. Family life soon followed. When she was 22 in 1993 her daughter, Jasmine was born, though during that time it was a very hard time because of all that was going on. Purvi was still in college and they were looking for a house, only the day Jasmine was born her husband, Amrish, had bought a million dollar lottery ticket which he ost by one number, but they ended up getting $17,000.They kept it in the bank for not bad(predicate) use. At the time they were still in college. Her husband, Amrish, had majored in data processor technology. Purvi majored in medical technology. She had gotten a Job at a b lood bank though she really wasnt too happy about it she doesnt like blood, but she ended up liking it. Amrish became a computer technologist. Soon after, they had bought a house in Piscataway, New Jersey. Then Dhiral was born in 1997 when Purvi was 26.Then in 2006 they move to Greenville, Illinois, and are currently proud owners of the Econolodge Inn and Suites here in Greenville. Then in the December of 2009 the family went to India for my Purvis brothers wedding which was also an arranged marriage. The cultural difference from climax from another country made a big impact on her life. From her arranged marriage and her loving and caring family she has grown to be someone who has been through a lot. Now Purvi Patel lives in Greenville living her life in a way to keep adding to this biography. biography By dapdusaBiographyHave you ever ideate of becoming a chemist, a scientist or even an Inventor? Shakes Lean Managing Tomato is recently on her way of becoming the successful one. She Is now taking Bachelor of Science In Chemical Engineering at Technological university of the Philippines Manila, her stepping stone to success. Shakes Is the youngest and the only daughter of Madame Balls Tomato and General Managing Tomato. Manmade, 45 years old, Is a Sound System Operator whileGeneral, 43 years old, Is a Freelancer. On November 11, 1994, Shakes was born at the city of Manhandling, seven months after the DNA Computing was demonstrate by the famous chemical Engineer and Inventor Leonard Deadline. He was one of the persons who inspired her to pursue her dreams. Both parents were catholic by religion and for that their children followed their beliefs. Shakes and her brother whole works Kyle Tomato grew up to be religious children since they were taught to be a good follower of Christ in Catholic Church. Guidance and manners were properly implement by their parents.They see to it that good education will be given to Shakes and Kyle. Like any other child of today s generation, Shakes entered the nursery at Rembrandt Christian condition in guenon City, her first experience of attending a school. Her kindergarten was at Dilemma Preparatory School Annex in Novelistic, Guenon City and she was incessantly on top of the class. Grade school was also a memorable part of Geishas life and as always, she was on a competitive rank. Shes very energetic both in extracurricular and academic studies. Having good grades strengthens her to fulfill her dreams.Freshmen, sophomore, Junior and senior are full of enjoyment, competition and trials for a teenager like Shakes. Friends are unavoidable but she managed to balance her studies and friendship. She took the first half of her high school life at Dilemma Preparatory School Main in Commonwealth, Guenon City and graduated at Saint Anthony Academy of Guenon City in Dangerous. Being on top in mathematics and science, Shakes decided to sop up an engineering course. Choosing a career of being a Chemical Engine er someday, Geishas family and her good foundation of education plays a great role in her life.I big businessman say that It Is not the wealth or Influence of environment but having a good foundation In the family and with the support of good education scram a better Individual. Biography By Mural-Galore Eng 002 / MIFF proof. Canoga, Have you ever dreamed of becoming a chemist, a scientist or even an inventor? One. She is now taking Bachelor of Science in Chemical Engineering at Technological University of the Philippines Manila, her stepping stone to success. Shakes is the youngest and the only daughter of Madame Balls Tomato andGeneral Managing Tomato. Manmade, 45 years old, is a Sound System Operator while General, 43 years old, is a Freelancer. On November 11, 1994, Shakes was born at the the famous Chemical Engineer and inventor Leonard Deadline. He was one of the Dilemma Preparatory School Main in Commonwealth, Guenon City and graduated at education plays a great role in her life. I might say that it is not the wealth or influence of environment but having a good foundation in the family and with the support of good education produce a better individual.

How Computers have affected International Busniess Essay

The personal computer has be throw in a near necessity in neo society melodic phrase and government have overly become dependent on the computer for all manner of operations and operating their business. With new opportunities come new dangers, and there are concerns today both for ethical violations in computer practice and crime making use of the power of the computer. The computers today are creating violation among the masses due to the software which are created and this makes the person feel insecure and the person always stays in tension.Ethics is the art of doing what is business in a societal context, and the computer user is part of such a context in the virtual knowledge base, or the world of cyberspace. Computer moral philosophy includes everything from proper online etiquette to respect for the privacy of others. Computer crime may take place through overt theft, confidence games, and new electronic means of capturing data, creating viruses that annul other com puters, and crimes not hitherto thought of yet.Due to this increment in the number of computer crimes, important and confidential data of people have been hacked and utilize in different places. Fighting computer crime requires a law enforcement community that is computer literate and constantly on the watch for criminal application and new crimes. It also requires a legislature willing to change existing laws to match new capabilities.Computers today are part of our lives in ways we oft do not even notice, not only in the more obvious personal computers we use at home and the larger computers we may use in such places as banks and libraries, but also in computer technology that is found in home appliances such as television sets, deep brown makers, microwave ovens, videocassette recorders, and hand calculators, not to mention toys and games. Computers are nowadays used in every part of life and are easily accessible from anywhere. The world has become very close but it has als o affected the international business to a great extent.The Act places restrictions on the ability of businesses to include in their distributed applications the capability of gathering user information and disseminating this information to the software company or some other third party. The legislation includes the demand that any business that uses information-gathering must make it clearly visible to consumers that such information is being collected. The legislation also mandates that consumers must be able to view a abbreviation of all information collected that pertains to them.One of the most important features of the legislation is that it mandates that no company is able to collect personal information for such purposes without graduation exercise gaining the consent of consumers. This type of software safeguards the rights of the company but the computer thefts have created such programs that are very powerful and can cooperate in seeking information. The data in the co mputer is transferred at a very fast speed but the data through transferring can even be copied or lost. All the time the computer accession is not available and therefore the connection with the business is lost if the business completely depends on the computers.The reasons could be power failure, hard disk break down or many more. These reasons require time to be overcome and solved and the time which is inevitable makes a person out of touch with the trade of the business and this affects the economy a lot as the sales are reduced. International trade requires operate of the computer at all times but the computer having exceed in the development to a great extent still remains a machine and therefore a machine is a program based device which can get mingled up with any type of wrong instructions or many other things.The loss of property both physical and financial in nature through theft is a major line confronted by management. The perpetrators of this illegal activity are found among the employees of the organizations, the customers of the organizations, and persons not directly associated with the organizations. It is a definite mistake to assume that white collar crime or white collar criminals are unitary in character. Both come in many forms. These crimes are committed by many people and this has created a small untrustworthy feeling on the computers.People are not sure that the data of their business is safe or not. The internet banking system is also a great facility for the people who are abroad to get things easily in just few clicks but this has also suffered when many accounts were hacked and the cash was taken out. In the conclusion is can be stated that people have misused the facility of the computer and this has infected the society very much. The people have themselves created software which has made the data unsafe. Therefore this has made international business slow in progress.

Qantas

INTRODUCTION In the hawkish grocery store industries of category of domestic, international or global deliver very agonistical rivalry. address leading and oppositeiation strategies ar commonly used strategic management dimensions in the literature (Dess and Davis, 1984 Nayyar, 1993). But to achieve market superiority over competitors and profitability it has to make clear choice over the dodge used in order to avoid the inherent contradiction of different strategies (Porter, 1996, p. 67) In todays market for a company to survive, it has to create two corporate strategies 1.Lowest appeal without jeopardizing the character reference. 2. Better quality, simple way of operation and give look that means ability to be creative and innovative. According to Porter (1985) all generic competitory strategies have different way of cresting sustainable war-ridden advantage. And a company must always prefer a outline or else it ordain be stuck in the middle without coherent dod ging (Acquaah & Yasai Ardekani, 2006). umpteen companies for example Wal Mart and AirAsia have been implementing a single system very successfully.Examples of companies which has used differentiation strategy as single strategy successfully * specialism by Brand Harley Davidson and Mercedes Benz * speciality by Design Titan watches with gold studded gems, diamonds, precious metals. * speciality by Positioning Domino Pizza 30 minutes delivery * specialty by Technology Apple Computers * Differentiation by Innovation 3M. Further more(prenominal) there atomic number 18 successful companies which deem hybrid strategy which implies both cost leading & differentiation strategy at the same time.Eg Germans Automotive, Tesco supermarket, IKEA. Competitive Strategy It is the way by which firms choose to accomplish and hold their free-enterprise(a) advantage. Regarding competitive strategy Porter stated that taking offence or defensive actions to create a defendable s squeeze i n an industry, to cope with competitive forces and thereby yield a superior return for the firm. Companies have established different approaches to competitive strategy, as per the crisis companies should apply respective strategy. The basic of generic strategyPorter stated that companys strength is divided into two attributes cost advantage and differentiation. By applying these attributes in a broad and narrow focus, three generic strategies result cost leading, differentiation and focus. They do not represent any industry nor they are peculiar(prenominal) to any company. PORTERS GENERIC STRATEGIES Diagram 1 (Porter, 1980) zero(prenominal)mally means pursue a quality approach. Enables a price gift to be charged for the quality difference. Normally means pursue a quality approach. Enables a price premium to be charged for the quality difference.Aim to have concluding cost-base industry. Will facilitate favourable / cheaper pricing and thus grow market share in elastic industri es particularly. Aim to have lowest cost-base industry. Will facilitate favourable / cheaper pricing and thus grow market share in elastic industries particularly. Competitive Advantage Competitive Advantage Differentiation Differentiation Lower Cost Lower Cost Broad Target Broad Target 1. Cost Leadership Competitive dispatch Competitive Score 2. Differentiation Narrow Target Narrow Target 3 A. Cost Focus 3 B. Differentiation FocusConcentrate on one or a low number of market segments. Can be differentiation or cost leadership. Concentrate on one or a small number of market segments. Can be differentiation or cost leadership. Porter initially advised Firms to avoid attempting both Strategies Stuck in the Middle as out and out differentiators and cost leaders will ecstasyd to be more competitive. The success of Japanese (and other) firms with JIT, Kaizen and TQM techniques appears to provide evidence contrary to this view. Requirements for generic competitive strategies generic w ine Strategy Commodity Required Skills and Resources Common Organizational Requirements Overall cost leadership Sustained capital investment access to capital preposterous cost control Process engineering skills Frequent, detailed control reports Intense supervision of labour Structured organization and responsibilities Products designed for ease Incentives based on meeting strict quantitative Low-cost distribution system targets in manufacture Differentiation Strong marketing abilities Strong coordination among functions in R&D, produce development, and marketing Product ngineering Creative flare Strong capability in basic research Subjective measurement andincentives instead of quantitative measures Corporate personality for quality or technological leadership Amenities to attract exaltedly skilled labour, scientists, or creative people Long tradition in the industryor rum faction of skills drawn from other tradinges Strong cooperation fromchannels Focus Com bination of the above policies say at the particular strategic target Combination of the above policies directed at the regular strategic targetFour strategic types and their approaches to strategy (Miles and Snow)? 1. Defender * protect market share * hold current position 2. analyzer * seek market opportunities but protect existing areas * hold market share but with some innovation 3. Prospector * find new opportunities * exploit and take risks 4. Reactor * respond only to other * often late and inadequate COST AND DIFFERENTIATION STRATEGY Cost Leadership Strategy The cost leadership strategy represents cost control and efficiency in all areas of operation (Porter, 1980).A company that decides to follow cost leadership actually achieves it by performing Copernican value chain activities with lower cost (Porter, 1985). Cost Leadership strategy strives to supply a standard, no frills, high volume harvest-home with a competitive price to customers (Bingxin Li & Juan Li, 2008) which is preferred in developing countries India, China, Indonesia & Malaysia. This make product more competitive than others with brand image and good service (Hutchinson et al. 2007 Frambach et al. 2003 Porter, 1980).Cost Leadership channelize requires strong focus on supply side as oppose to demand side of market with high level competitor orientation (Day & Wendley, 1988). Cost Leadership strategy used by companies must benchmark them in a profitable position in the market place. As per Porter (1980), economical cost leadership strategy minimizes cost in areas like R&D, military services, Sales and Advertising. In Japan, Toyota Company has successfully implemented cost leadership strategy with increased efficiency (Schonberger, 1994) which is a different factor make up in this strategy when compared to the western countries. Allen & Helms, 2001) Differentiation Strategy The generic of differentiation strategy can be based upon design and brand image, distribution & so forth (Frambach. Et al. 2003). It involves by creating a place in the market that is realized as being different in the industry and has the capability to endure for a unyielding run (Porter, 1980). The effectiveness of strategy depends on competitive offering to customers (Slater & Olson, 2001) with unparalleled product for varied customer groups. This is with the aim to create minimum price of product in order to develop satisfaction and loyalty.A firm with differentiation strategy creates superior characteristics in terms of image, reputation, reliability and equality (Dean & Evans, 1994 Sashi and Stern, 1995). This creates qualitative difference in products & service, engaged in advertising programs, marketing techniques with premium prices ( miller, 1986). According to Acquaah and Yasai Ardekani (2006). Firms with competitive strategies has advantage over their rivals as they realized how unique their products and services are.The differentiation strategy has been successfully im plemented in France, Sweden, Canada with companies having advantage of Financial and technology resources, compassionate capital and modern management (Aulakh et al, 2000) Focus Porter defined focus as one of the generis strategies but later on mentioned it as moderator of cost leadership and differentiation strategy, Companies which apply this strategy normally focus on the market where there are less competition. (Pearson, 1999). Firms uses this strategy to stress on a limited positioning in the market and so it offers quality and specialized products for that position.Therefore sometimes focus strategy is referred as niche strategy (Lynch, 2003). This strategy allows the firm the misfortune to charge a premium price for its specialized products. Ferrari and Rolls Royce are examples of company using such strategy. The only problem with the strategy is that niche characteristic is not sufficient to justify companys attention. Stuck in the middle When a company fails to make a choice between the strategies then it is implied that the company is stuck in the middle. Thus affecting its profitability and resulting poor financial mathematical operation. (Peter, 1980)THE COMBINATION (HYBRID) STRATEGY The Porter Generic competitive Strategies (1980, 1985) cant be given unwarranted prominence. Competitive forces ( Allen and Helms, 2006 Miller, 1992 Spanos, et al. , 2004) has been termed hybrid, mixed, integrated or combination strategies. (Kim. Et al. , 2004 Spanos, et al. , 2004). They combine both low cost and differentiation elements (Gopalakrishna and Subramanian, 2001 Proff, 2000). A combination of cost leadership and differentiation strategies should be distinguish from stuck in the middle where firm fails to successfully pursue both. (Acquaah & Yasai Ardekani, 2006).A combination or hybrid strategy has been proved to be viable and profitable (Kim et al. , 2004 Miller & Dess, 1993 Wright et al. , 1991). Firms pursuing combined strategy achieved higher functioning than the other firms which apply single strategy. Combined strategy also helps the firm to minimize their vulnerability imputable to reliance on cost based advantages only (Yasai Ardekani & Nystrom, 1996). This hybrid strategy success depends on ability to deliver enhanced benefit to customers with low price and sufficient margins to reinvestment. Tesco Supermarket is following same the same strategy (Strategy Explorer, 2010)THE APPLICATION OF SINGLE STARTEGY Cost Leadership Strategy The cost leadership strategy is the basis for long run compare to price competition. Price competition is easily duplicated (Porter, 1980 Ellis & Kelly, 1992). In retail business cost reduction must be exploited which minimizes cost throughout value chain activities. Important issues in retail business are related with cost of goods sold. (COGS). Large retail business achieve more easily cost leadership due to more power supplier to secure low procurement prices for purchased goods (Elli s & Kelley, 1992 Anderer, 1997).Datuk Tony Fernandez as CEO of AirAsia Berhad said Before business can grow it needs to have its cost under control, efficient and profitable and also it must create value. AirAsia leader of LCC in Malaysia, Thailand and Indonesia will face competition from existing and new players and it need to make consideration & more stressed for the point of becoming the low cost carrier in the airline industries. Differentiation Strategy It emphasis several dimensions such as image, gain customer loyalty, innovation and level of service (Kim et al. , 2004) by generating differences n product through intensive marketing & image management (Miller 1988) and creating products which are innovative, dependable, durable, and serviceable (Beal & Yasai Ardekani, 2000) In retail business company, as for manufacturing companies two main arguments against Porter poser have emerged (Mintzberg, 1996 Worztel, 1987 Zentes and Anderer, 1994) * Strategies that combine severa l competitive advantages are not considered by Porter. * The reduction of possible competitive advantage to two basic types is simplistic & curiously differentiation advantages can be reached in different ways.The implementation of combination of Cost Leadership and Differentiation Strategy (Hybrid Strategy) This new hybrid strategy may become even more important and more popular as Global competition increase. With generic strategy company improve their ability to adapt quick environment changes and learn new skills and technologies involving customers value with products at low cost compare to competitors products. Cost leadership enables the company to charge the lowest competitive price and achieving competitive advantage by delivering value to customers based on both product features and low price.Competitive strategy is not only feasible but generates superior incremental performance result in multiple sources of competitive advantage. This will generate superior performanc e over the inability to success. The success of Japanese companies such as Toyota, Canon and Honda are best examples of cost leadership and differentiation strategies. (Ishikura, 1983). Porters Generic Strategies in Hospitality Industry 1. Cost Leadership Strategy Hotelier such as Fairfield Inns, Etap offer services which are basics. Thus by doing so, they sustain the cost at minimum and attract lot of market segment. . Differentiation Strategy Chain of hotels such as Marriott and Hilton apply this strategy by providing guests with high quality and special service and experience. 3. Focus Strategy Four Seasons only stress on elite guests and Burj Al Arab hotel only target guests such as royal families, celebrities, and rich industrialists. Five Forces Analysis Porter developed this model as a framework to understand the profitability about the industry. Mentioned below are the five forces * Suppliers power * Buyers power * The threat of substitutes * The ease of entry to the market The intensity of rivalry in the market Porter Five Forces that shape industry competition Example of a pharmaceutical company in US Potential New Entrants There are high barriers for entry especially in the US market due to the regulatory compliance, patent laws and the risk associated with the industry this remains a weak competitive force. The cost related to the R&D also limits the Potentials New Entrants. Suppliers Supplier power in low as the majority of the pharmaceutical sale is among the ten large pharmaceutical companies also they remain the major costumer for the chemical industry. Buyers The power of the buyers is a moderate competitive force. Increasing pressure is being use on the manufacturers to reduce the prices. In the pharmaceutical industry the end-user of the product has very low power as they buy the drugs that the decision maker or the doc prescribes. Substitutes This competitive power is weak when the products have the patent production but gets medium whe n they are off patent. CONCLUSION Successful organization adopts a combination of competitive aspect to build a hybrid strategy. i. e. Design and low cost, quality and price .Only competing on price is not good enough (Daan Assenss Learning , 2010). Cost leadership and differentiation strategies are very successful in much different kind of industries, for developing, transition and developed economics. Cost leadership, Differentiation and hybrid strategies have been successfully applied for very broad range of products and services from retail products to luxury products. TABLE 1 STRATEGIES USED BY THE COMPANIES No. Strategy Where has the strategy been applied Products/Services that the strategy has been applied 1. Cost Leadership Developing, Transition and developed economics (worldwide) Cars Industry (Toyota), Airline Business (Air Asia), sell Business (Giant and Carrefour Supermarket) 2. Differentiation Developing, Transition and developed economics (worldwide) Cars and Mot or cycle Mercedes Benz, Harley Davidson, Titan Watches, Domino Pizza, Apple , 3M 3. Hybrid (Combination of Cost Leadership and Differentiation Strategy) Developing, Transition and developed economics (worldwide) Car Industry Toyota, Honda, Furniture Industry IKEA REFERENCES Acquaah, M. & Yasai-Ardekani, M. (2006). Does the implementation of a combination competitive strategy yield incremental performance benefit? A new perspective from transition economy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of Business Research 61, 346 354. * Anderer, M. (1997). Internationaliseerung im Einzelhandel. Deutscher Fachverlag, Frankfurt. * Aulakh, Preet S. , Masaaki Kotabe. & Hildy Teegen. (2000). Export Strategies and Performance of Firms from Emerging Economies evidence from Brazil, Chile and Mexico. Academy of instruction Journal, Vol. 3 (3), 342-61. * Bingxin Li, C. & Juan Li, J. (2008). Achieving Superior Financial Performance in China Differentiation, Cost Leadership or Both? American market Ass ociation, Journal of International commercializeing, Vol. 16(3), 1-22. * Daan Assens Learning, (2010). Hybrid strategy sustainable competitive advantage. http//www. daanassen. com/hybrid-strategy-sustainable-competitive-advantage (3 Jan, 2011). * Dess, G. , G. & Davis, P. S. (1984). Porters (1980) generic strategies as determinants of strategic group memberships and organizational performance.Academic of Management Journal 27, 467-488. * Frambach, Ruud T. , Jaideep Prabhu. & Theo M. M. Verhallen. (2003). The Influence of Business Strategy on New Product Activity The Role of Market Orientation. International Journal of Research in Marketing, Vol. 20 (4), 377-97. * Hutchinson, Karise, Nicholas Alexander, Barry Quinn & Anne Marie Doherty. (2007). Internalization Motives and Facilitating Factors Qualitative Evidence from Smaller Specialist Retailers. Journal of International Marketing, Vol. 15 (3), 96-122. * Kim, E. , Nam, D. & Stimpert, J. L. (2004).Testing the Applicability of Porter s Generic Strategies in the Digital while a Study of Korean Cyber Malls. Journal of Business Strategies, Vol. 21, 19-45. * Miller, A. & Dess, G. (1993). Academy of Management Assessing Porters (1980) Model in terms of its Generalizability, Accuracy and Simplicity. Journal 36 (4), 763-788. * Mintzberg, H. (1996). Generic Business Strategies. In Mintzberg, H. , Quinn, J. (Eds), The Strategy Process, thirded. Prentice Hall International, Upper Saddle River/Nj, 83-92. * Morshett, D. , Benhard Swoboda & Hanna Schramm-Klein. (2006).Competitive Strategy in Retailing An Investigation of the Applicability of Porter simulation for Food Retailers. Science Direct. Journal of Retailing and Customer Services 13, 275-287. * Nayyar, P. R. (1993). Performance Effect on Information Asymmetry and scope in diversified Service Firms. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 28 -58. * Pearce, J. & Robinson, R. (1994). Strategic ManagementFormulation, Implementation and Control, Fifth Edition. Irwin, Burr Ri dge/IL. * Porter ME. (1985). Creating and sustaining superior performance. Competitive Advantage. New York Free Press. Schonberger, R. (1994). military personnel Resource Management Lessons from a Decade of Total Quality Management and Reengineering. California Management Review, Vol. 36 (4), 109-134. * Worztel, L. 1987. Retailing Strategies for to Days Mature Market Place. Journal of Business Strategy 8 (Spring), 45-56. * Yasai-Ardekani, M. , Nystrom, PC. (1996). Design for Environmental Scanning Systems Test of a Contingency Theory. Management Science, 187-204. * Zentes, J, & Anderer, M. (1994). Retail Monitoring 1/94 Customer Service as a Way Out of Crises. GDI-Retailer- Trendletter, Vol. 2(1), 1-29.

Hp Case Study

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S 1. INTRODUCTION4 Hewlett-Packard The Company4 The HP Way4 2. legitimate Situation4 Current Performance4 Strategic Posture4 Mission Statement of Hewlett Packard4 fantasy statement of Hewlett Packard5 Improved Mission statement5 Improved Vision statement5 Why? 5 Comparison of Mission statement to a leading opponent statement5 Objectives5 Strategies6 The Current system6 Focus on Your Customer6 Create Measurable Goals6 Create Major Initiatives6 3. Strategic Managers7 Board of Directors7 Top Management7 4. External Environment(EFAS Table)7MEGA S brush offning(PEST abbreviation)7 Task Environment (Porter Five forces Model)7 5. immanent Environment (IFAS Table)8 Corporate Structure8 Corporate culture8 Corporate resources8 grocery storeing8 Finance8 R&D8 Operations9 Human Resources9 Information System9 Market Position9 6. Strategic Myopia (Filtration)10 7. abbreviation of Strategic Factors10 Situational analysis (SWOT)10 TOWS Matrix13 seat Matrix15 INTE RPRETATION16 reading the distance Analysis Matrix Diagram17 ixixGrand Starategy matr18 QSPM18 8. Strategic Alternatives and Recommended Strategy20 Recommended Strategy20 9.Implementation20 Expanding Geographically21 R severallying into new trade segments21 10. Evaluation and control22 Appendix A23 Gross profit margin ratio23 Operating profit margin23 sack up profit margin23 Current ratio23 Quick ratio23 Inventory turno(prenominal)er ratio23 Sales to receivables ratio24 progeny on assets24 Debt to worth ratio24 1. INTRODUCTION Hewlett-Packard The Company In 1938, two Stanford graduates in electric engineering, William Hewlett and David Packard, started their own business in a garage behind Packards Palo Alto home. peerless year later, Hewlett and Packard formalized their usiness into a partnership called Hewlett-Packard. HP was collective in 1947 and began offering stock for public trading 10 years later. Annual net revenue for the company grew from $5. 5 million in 1951 to $3 billion in 1980. By 1997, annual net revenue exceeded $42 billion and HP had become the worlds second largest calculator supplier. The company, which primitively produced audio oscillators, introduced its first computer in 1966. In 1972, the company pioneered the era of personal computing by introducing the first scientific, hand-held calculator.Hewlett-Packard introduced its first personal computer in 1980. Five years later, HP introduced the LaserJet printer, which would become the companys most successful harvest-tide ever. The HP Way In 1956, Bill Hewlett, Dave Packard, and a handful of other HP executives ga thered at the Mission Inn in Sonoma, California, to create a set of honors and principles to guide their company. The six object lenss that this piddling group subsequently created non only helped shape a new kind of company, but ultimately became the foundation for what came to be known as the HP way. 2. Current Situation Current Performance See Appendix 1 Strategic Posture Mission Statement of Hewlett Packard We are committed to produceing a wide range of innovative products and multimedia services that challenge the way consumers access and enjoy digital entertainment. By ensuring synergy between businesses inwardly the organization, we are also constantly striving to create exciting new worlds of entertainment that corporation be experienced on a variety of opposite products. Vision statement of Hewlett Packard We recognize and seize opportunities for growth that builds upon our strengths and competencies. Improved Mission statement To provide product, services and solution of highest quality and deliver more time value to our clients that earn their respect and loyalty. Improved Vision statement To view change in market as an opportunity to grow, to white plague our profit and to ability to develop and produce innovative products, services and solutions that satisfy customers need. Why? They are brief and to the point. It is highli ghting all the main points.Comparison of Mission statement to a leading competitor statement IBM IBM, we strive to lead in the invention, increase and manufacture of the industry most advanced information technologies, including computer systems, software, storage systems and microelectronics. We translate these advanced technologies into value for our customers through our professional solutions, services and consulting businesses widely distributed. DELL Dell mission is to be the most successful computer company in the world at delivering the outgo customer experience in markets we serve. Organization Customers Opportunities Threats Globally acceptable software used in the laptops which makes them soft to use and opponents technology & pricing. recreate policy-making-Legal. slight global coverage than competitor. Low compatibility with non- HP product. The prices are very affordable. Booming of mobile technology such as IPAD and IPHONE. authority of using technol ogy is very high. receivable to tough competition bargaining power of customer is low. One of the top market leader with trusted Brand name. The HP is continuously keeps on updating their technology which keeps the concern of the customers intact. High product differentiation (servers, Laptops, scanners Printers and others. Expansion of retailed stores for customer convenience. Participation in union venture Mass deed leads to high bargaining supplier power. Key External factors Weight Rating Weighted Score Opportunities 1. Globally acceptable software used in the laptops which makes them easy to use and repair 0. 02 4 0. 08 Political-Legal. 2. The prices are very affordable. 0. 1 3 0. 3 3. Potential of using technology is very high. 0. 05 4 0. 2 4. One of the top market leader with trusted Brand name. 0. 1 4 0. 4 5. The HP is continuously keeps on updating their technology which keeps the engagement of the customers 0. 1 4 0. 4 intact. 6. High product differentiation (servers, Laptops, scanners Printers and others. 0. 3 0. 3 7. Expansion of retailed stores for customer convenience. 0. 1 3 0. 3 8. Participation in joint venture 0. 05 2 0. 1 9. Mass issue leads to high bargaining supplier power. 0. 01 3 0. 03 Threats 1.Competitors technology & pricing. 0. 2 3 0. 6 2. Less global coverage than competitor. 0. 01 3 0. 03 3. Low compatibility with non- HP product. 0. 01 2 0. 02 4. Booming of mobile technology such as IPAD and IPHONE. 0. 1 2 0. 2 5. Due to tough competition bargaining power of customer is low. 0. 05 3 0. 5 Total Weighted Score 3. 11 Current strategy can generate opportunity and avoid threats Key Internal factors Weight Rating Weighted Score Strengths Organized into 7 business sections with strong position in each 0. 4 0. 4 The company competes both at local and international level. It has increased its competitiveness 0. 1 4 0. 4 through policies and strategies that supports free-ma rket economies Strong pecuniary position 0. 1 4 0. Leading provider of personal computers and imaging and printing 0. 05 4 0. 2 approximate Operational Efficiency 0. 05 3 0. 15 Multi-vendor customer services, including infrastructure technology and business processoutsourcing,0. 05 3 0. 5 technology support and maintenance, application development and support servicesand consulting and integration services. exceedingly talented workforce 0. 05 4 0. 2 Ability to provide end-to-end IT solution H/W, application development and support. 0. 15 4 0. 6 Hewlett-Packard is a global enterprise and especially after itsmergerwith Compaq, the company 0. 5 3 0. 15 became worlds biggestcomputer hardwareand peripherals consort in the world and has ranked 20th in the Fortune 500 list. Weaknesses fiscal condition leans very heavily on the state of economy not exclusively in the US but worldwide 0. 5 2 0. 1 Struggling to Add Value and Remain Profitable in Low-Cost High-Volume PC Business 0. 01 1 0. 01 R&D department has contractificantly less investments compared to historical spending 0. 1 1 0. 1 Slow speed to market or responsiveness The past acquisition of Peregrine made the HPsportfolioeven0. 5 2 0. 1 more diverse and wind up but HP Open Views lack of central processing unit management capabilities created several problems Lack of in-house management consulting division 0. 1 1 0. 01 settlement on third-party suppliers, and our revenue and gross margin could suffer if HP fails to 0. 01 2 0. 02 manage suppliers properly Pay cuts has brought low morale to employees 0. 02 1 0. 02 HP did not yet hit a CMDBproductthat includes husking and mapping. This cause many customers to 0. 05 1 0. 05 switch the brand Total Weighted Score 3. 6 HP has strong internal position TOWS Matrix IFE Strengths Weaknesses Organized into 7 business sections with strong Financial position leans very heavily on the position in each. state of economy not just in the US but The company competes both at local and internationalworldwide. level. It has increased its competitiveness through Struggling to Add Value and Remain Profitable in policies and strategies that supports free-market Low-Cost High-Volume PC Business. economies. R&D department has significantly less investments Strong fiscal position. compared to historical spending. Leading provider of personal computers and imaging Slow speed to market or responsiveness the past and printing. acquisition of Peregrine made the Good Operational Efficiency. HPsportfolioeven more diverse and complete but Multi-vendor customer services, including HP Open Views lack of mainframe management infrastructure technology and business capabilities created several problems. processoutsourcing, technology support and Lack of in-house management consulting division. maintenance, application development and support Dependency on third-party suppliers, and our servicesand consulting and integration services. revenue and gross margin could suffer if HP fails Highly talented workforce. to manage suppliers properly. Ability to provide end-to-end IT solution H/W, Pay cuts has brought low morale to employees. application development and support. HP did not yet hit a CMDBproductthat includes Hewlett-Packard is a global enterprise and discovery and mapping.This cause many customers especially after itsmergerwith Compaq, the companyto switch the brand. became worlds biggestcomputer hardwareand peripherals consort in the world and has ranked 20th in the Fortune 500 list. Opportunities SO WO Globally acceptable software used in the laptops S1, S2, S3, S7, O3 to develop new products W5, O8 to develop new HR policy in order to which makes them easy to use and repair (Intensive strategies). retain the human capital. Political-Legal. S2, S3, S5, O9 (backward integration Integrative W6,O9 (backward integration Integrative str ategies). strategies). The prices are very affordable. Potential of using technology is very high. One of the top market leader with trusted Brand name. The HP is continuously keeps on updating their technology which keeps the interest of the customers intact. High product differentiation (servers, Laptops, scanners Printers and others. Expansion of retailed stores for customer convenience. Participation in joint venture Mass production leads to high bargaining supplier power. Threats ST WT Competitors technology & pricing. S2, S9, T1 to offer products standardizing with W1,W8, T1 to develop new products (Intensive Less global coverage than competitor. lowest cost for broad range of customers strategies) and to drop the non-profitable Low compatibility with non- HP product. (competitive strategy). products. Booming of mobile technology such as IPAD and S2, S3, S5, T4 to develop new products (Intensive IPHONE. strategies). Due to tough competition bargaining power of S2, S3, S5, T2 to open retail stores worldwide customer is low. (Forward integration -integrative strategies). SPACE Matrix Internal Strategic Position External Strategic position Competitive Position (CP) Industry Position (IP) Market Share -2 Growth Potential 5 harvest-tide Quality -1 Profit Potential 5 Customer Loyalty -2 Financial Stability 5 scientific know-how -2 Labor cost 2 Control over suppliers and -4 Technological know-how 5 distributors Total -11 Total 22 Average -2. 2 Average 3. 7 Financial Position (FP) Stability Position(SP) Return on Investment 5 Technological changes -4 leverage 6 Rate of Inflation -2 Working slap-up 5 expense range of Competing products -3 Liquidity 5 Competitive pressure -4 Price earnings ratio 4 Barriers to entry into market -2 Demand variability -3 Total 25 Total -18 Average 5 Average -3 X Value = 3. 67 2. 2 = 1. 47 Y value = 5- 3 = 2 pic INTERPRETATION Assessing t he SPACE Analysis Scores Each factor in the Strategic Position and Action Evaluation matrix can be quickly judged but there are benefits for exploring each in detail.There are a large number of factors that can be considered and each industry will have its own list features which should be included in the detailed SPACE evaluation. A few factors to be considered to give you a flavour of what to include in your SPACE analysis are listed below. SPACE Analysis Factors For Financial Strength Return on Sales Return on Assets Cash Flow Gearing Working Capital Intensity SPACE Analysis Factors For Competitive Advantage Market Share Quality Customer Loyalty Cost Levels Product Range SPACE Analysis Factors For Industry Attractiveness Growth Potential Life Cycle Stage Entry Barriers Customer Power Substitutes SPACE Analysis Factors For Environmental Stability Political Uncertainty Interest Rates Technology Cyclical Environmental Issues Interpreting the SPACE Analysis Matrix Diagram The arrow indicating the strategic thrust can be drawn from the origin by calculating the net result on each axis and plotting this net position. The Aggressive posture in the SPACE Analysis Matrix occurs when all the dimensions are positive. The implicit strategy is to aggressively grow the business raising the stakes for all competitors. The main danger is complacency. ? correspond to the space matrix score HP falls in the AGGRESSIVE quadrant . Their strategies should be one of the following Vertical and horizontal integration1 Market penetration2Market development3 Product development4 Diversification5 ixixGrand Starategy matr pic Horizontal diversification Concentric diversification Conglomerate diversification Divestiture QSPM Key Factor Weight Horizontal Market Product Horizontal Integration teaching Development Diversification Low Product Cost This orientation course is focused on exploitation the lowest cost or highest value product. This i s typical of companies with trade nifty type products, products reaching a mature phase in their life cycle, or where there is consolidation or a shrinking market. This orientation typically will require additional time and development cost to optimize product cost and the manufacturing process. Low Development Cost This orientation focuses on minimizing development cost or developing products deep down a constrained budget. While this orientation is not as common as the other orientations, it occurs when companies are developing products under contract for other parties, where a company has severely constrained financial resources, or where a stealth development effort is being undertaken on a shoestring. This orientation is somewhat compatible with time-to-market, but involves tradeoffs with product performance, innovation, cost and reliability. Product Performance, Technology & Innovation This orientation focuses on having the highest level of product performanc e, the highest level of functionality or functions and features, the latest technology or the highest level of product innovation. This orientation can be pursued by companies in many industries or many products except commodity products. Pursuit of this strategy involves higher risks with newer technologies and accepts a trade-off of time and cost to pursue these objectives. Quality, Reliability, Robustness This orientation focuses on ensure high levels of product quality, reliability and robustness.This orientation is typical of industries requiring high quality because of the significant costs to correct a problem (e. g. , recalls in the automotive or food processing industries), the need for high levels of reliability (e. g. , aerospace products), or where there are significant safety issues (e. g. , medical devices, pharmaceuticals, commercial aircraft, nuclear plants, etc. ). This orientation requires added time and cost for planning, testing, analysis and r egulatory approvals. Service, Responsiveness & Flexibility This orientation focuses on providing a high level of service, being very responsive to customer requirements as part of development, and maintaining flexibility to respond to new customers, new markets and new opportunities. This orientation requires additional resources (and their related costs) to provide this service and responsiveness. 10. Evaluation and control 1. jog what to measure Top managers and operational managers moldiness specify implementation process and results to be monitored and evaluated.The processes and results must be measurable in a reasonably objective and consistent manner. The focus should be on the most significant elements in a process the ones that account for the highest proportion of exposure or the greatest no. of problems. 2. Establish standards of Performance Standards used to measure performance are detailed expressions of strategic objectives. They are measures of acceptable perf ormance results. Each standard can be usually includes a tolerance range, which defines any acceptable deviations. Standards can be set not only for final output, but also for intermediate stages of production output. 3. Measure actual performance.Measurements must be made at predetermined times. 4. Compare actual performance with the standard if the actual performance results are within the desired tolerance range, the measurement process stops here. 5. Take corrective action If the actual results fall outside the desired tolerance range, action must be taken to correct the deviation. The action must not only correct the deviation but also prevent its recurrence. The following issues must be resolved Is the deviation only a chance fluctuation? Are the processes being carried out in correctly? Are the processes appropriate for achieving the desired standards? Objectives of Strategy Evaluation and Control Organizations are most vulnerable when they are at the peak of their succes s Erroneous strategic decisions can inflict severe penalties and can be exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, to reverse. Strategy evaluation is vital to an organizations well-being timely evaluations can alert management to problems or potential problems before a situation becomes critical. Appendix A Gross profit margin ratio The gross profit has increased from 23. 61% to 24. 53%. This heart that profitability at the basic level has increased from previous year. This is a sign of good ratio. Operating profit margin Profitability before interest and tax has increased from 4. 00% to 7. 15%.This means that efficiency of the business before taking any backing has increased from the previous year. This also is a sign of good ratio. Net profit margin This also has increased from 2. 7% to 6. 76%. This means that overall profitability has also increased. This is a sign of good ratio. Current ratio Current ratio has decreased from 1. 38 to 1. 35. This means that working capital to meet short term obligations has decreased, which shows a poor use of working capital. This is a sign of bad ratio. Quick ratio This ratio has also decreased from 1. 16 to 1. 13. So this shows that the ability to pay immediate financial obligations has also decreased. This quick ratio is acceptable but has decreased.Inventory turnover ratio The ratio has decreased from 9. 63 to 8. 93, which means that more capital is tied up in inventory which is not a good sign. Sales to receivables ratio It also has decreased from 8. 75 to 8. 43. This means that the efficiency in collecting accounts receivables has deceased. Return on assets This ratio has increased from 6. 9% to 13. 0% . This is the sign of good ratio. Debt to worth ratio This ratio has decreased to 6. 52% from 9. 12%. This means that debt financing has decreased and hence the risk also has decreased. Working capital . Working capital has increased from $11,874 to $12,414.This shows that the ability of a company to endure difficu lt financial periods has increased. Gross profit margin 24. 53% 23. 61% Operating profit margin 7. 15% 4. 00% Net profit margin 6. 76% 2. 7% Current ratio 1. 35 1. 38 Quick ratio 1. 13 1. 6 Inventory turnover ratio 8. 93 9. 63 Sales to receivables ratio 8. 43 8. 75 Return on assets 13. 0% 6. 9% Debt to worth ratio 6. 52% 9. 12% Working capital $12,414 $11,874 EFE

Songs of Innocence and Song of Experience Analysis

William Blake lived from 1757 1827 in London. He was primarily an engraver accordingly painter until later writing his famous poems. In his childhood he was educated at hearth although he later attended a drawing school, Henry Pars and was an autodidact. Blake withal claimed to work visions, most notably a vision when he saw and conversed with the Virgin Mary and the Angel Gabriel. In 1779, Blake became a disciple at the Royal Academy in Old Somerset House. His studies required no payment nevertheless he was expected to supply his own materials throughout the six years he would stay.He wed in 1783 to Catherine Boucher, based solely on love and to this day is defined as a ro servicemanticist poet. He was Associated with the Romantics because he had similar ideas that the imagination was real important. Byron, Shelly and Coleridge believed that the imagination was important much more then rational thought. They were all against industrialisation of the countryside. The Roman tics were an artistic movement which started in the 1770s through the Industrialisation of Europe move into the early Victorian period. They were classed here because of certain shargond beliefs.The Romantics dis wish welld the effects of the Industrial revolution. They lived during the civil contend of America and the French revolution, due to the sudden questioning in the role of Monarchy and Church. William Blake produced poems, most notably the twain beau poems of Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. One of his beliefs was that honor is something good and generally saw insure as a bad thing. Evidence limns from his poems that he detested the expansion of industrialisation and very much liked the countryside as well as his deep religious attitude.Also you can read Analysis July at the multipleSongs of Innocence and Experience was written in 1790. The main theme Blake stressed was that a child system barren in his or her youth. The songs of Innocence atomic numbe r 18 written in a childs usher of view. They even so strive strong even though in that location is evil around them. Blake felt as you grew fourth-year you lost that purity as you gained more experience. The songs of Experience are written in an experienced power point of view, which had realised the true evil around him or her and hated it. The first ii examples are the beloved from Songs of innocence and the Tyger from songs of experience.Firstly, the deliver consists of two stanzas with five rhyming couplets. The dearest is about innocence and Blake utilises the symbolism of a child to emphasize the theme. He is meek & he is mild. A lamb is a small, mousey and weak animal and can portray innocence and peacefulness, properties we can associate with a child. It may also take on deeper meaning, such(prenominal) as the Lamb of God. It was Jesus who became know as the Lamb of God because as the Jewish faith believes, sacrificing a lamb would take away your sins.The Christ ians saw Jesus as acting like a lamb so he could take away everyones sins after becoming crucified, an moving- vulnerability show which shows self-sacrifice and innocence. Blake, who has a passion for religion gives praise to God for creation of a creature like the Lamb. The alliteration of Little Lamb gives the effect of softening the tone and adding to the imagination of innocence and possibly Blake time-tested to make the Lamb searchm like a Nursery Rhyme, which portrays the poem being narrated by a child, on that pointfore cogitateing back to the theme of innocence.In the Tyger, the poem consists of six stanzas, with two rhyming couplets in from distributively one stanza. The Tyger is about experience and Blake utilises this using industrial and contort imagery like in the fourth stanza such as what the hammer or in the first stanza forests of the night. The Tyger call for experience to survive, as it needs to kill to live. Blake is questioning God What immortal hand or eye, / could frame thy aweful balance to why God would want to make animals like tigers, such as mankind. This is one of Blakes rhetorical questions throughout the poem. take aim alsoCase 302 July in MultiplexThe immortal hand refers to the power of God to create. The fearful symmetry refers to the complexness in the tyger by the divine artistry, almost being so perfect as to be fearful to understand. Blake saw the Tyger as a very intricate animal, asking how God created it, In what furnace was thy sense / What the anvil,. The comparisons between the two is that the Lamb has pastoral imagery, such as language, Vale, mead, stream, This helps the reader picture a pastoral scene. This was the i throne purport of William Blake, evidence for his want for the time before the industrial revolution.The Tyger has industrial imagery, furnace, hammer, anvil, to show how the Tyger is do as if it were in a factory. This imagery shows a pessimistic view of the Tyger. Blake does this becau se of his hate of industrialisation and saw it as an impurity to the countryside. In the penultimate stanza of the Tyger, Blake quotes Genesis, Did he grinning his work to see. Blake is talking about the sixth day of creation when God had finally halt and looked at his work, and saw it was good and rested on the s resolutionh day. only if then Blake adds Did he who made the Lamb make thee Blake gives this rhetorical question to state whether the said(prenominal) God made the little lamb also made the Tyger. Here Blake questions the omniscience of God. If God is kind and all knowing shouldnt he have known evil and suffering would exist due to the creation of creatures like the Tyger. In general, Blake examines two separate animals, the Lamb and the Tyger which express his feelings on ideas about creation and the creator.Blake appreciates an innocent creature like the Lamb and is awe-struck by the complexity of the Tyger but is asking why God would make a Tyger with properties li ke having to kill in ensnare to survive. Blake sees innocence as something good because as age your experience in the world increases. People see the sinister side of the world therefore Blake would have seen ignorance as bliss. The adjoining poems I willing be analysing are The Chimney scall outer from Songs of innocence and The Chimney sweeper from Songs of Experience. The Songs of innocence version was written in 1789.Blake saw around him the child cruelty and shows this through his poem. When my m opposite died I was very young, from the first stanza like a shot shows Blakes choice to make the poem in a childs perspective thus increasing the empathy, which he has tried to do repeatedly in dirty word I sleep to show the reader the bad emotional state of poor children. Yet they continue to strive as best they can and treat each other well compared to the adults. soot cannot spoil your white-hot hair, from the second stanza is about another child nerve-racking to comfort another child.In the penultimate line in the First stanza, Could scarcely bid weep weep weep is the childs attempt to say sweep , sweep , which was the common street cry of chimney sweepers. It shows the child is very young and cannot even talk properly, adding to his innocence. Also this poem shows that the children have a very optimistic attitude on life, they try to make the greatest of what they have and do not fear death. This can be shown through a religious theme. When the Angel t of age(p)(prenominal) Tom, if hed be a good boy, Hed have God for his father & never want joy.Here Blake is showing that the children will live happily for eternity if they followed Gods rules. Blake therefore believes the innocence of the children is what keeps them believing theyll have a better life after this scummy one because their innocent minds were easy to manipulate with the guarantee of an afterlife. The Chimney Sweeper from Songs of experience was written in 1794. The Chimney swee per show evidence of his former innocence and is the same chimney sweeper from songs of innocence but matured and grown to realise the real world around him.Now, the Chimney sweeper blames his parents for the life he was put in, the first stanza says, Where are thy father & mother. He is miserable in his do notes of woe and also blames God & his Priest & King. Blake purpose experty made this childs perspective different from the companion poem to show the chimney sweeper has been influenced by society and therefore has an experienced point of view. through with(predicate) the childs experience, Blake has portrayed the child detesting religion. In the first stanza the child speaks out for his parents, but he knows They are some(prenominal) gone up to the church to pray. The child is angry that the people who follow God are the same people who taught me to sing the notes of woe. The child is bitter towards his life and believes he has been done wrong by the adults and believes they make up ones mind joy in their misery Who make up a heaven of our misery. Blake has done this because of the controversy around the role of the church and monarchy and is an indication of someone who is experienced to question the role of church and monarchy. The Comparisons between the two is that they both contain metaphors prophesizing a most likely death.The Songs of innocence also has dark colour imagery inside the metaphor, Were all of them lockd up in coffins of black. The black being themselves covered in soot and lockd inside the chimneys, as was a lot of boys misfortunes. The Songs of experience shows the child knowing what his parents have done to him and is conscious(predicate) of a possible death. They clothed me in the clothes of death. The metaphor also shows that he was clothed from the real world during his younger years of innocence, meaning he felt he was living a lie.Further colour imagery is use in the songs of innocence such as, cannot spoil your white ha ir, white symbolising something pure as well as in the fourth stanza when the children naked and white, go and wash in a river, and shine in the sun. Here Blake uses pastoral imagery to make the countryside seem like a heaven and uses more themes of religion linking naked and white to offer and Eve, where they wash in a river, and shine in the sun, this being the Garden of Eden. Blake is using the innocence and naivety of Adam of Eve to link this with the Children.The colour imagery in the chimney sweeper from Songs of experience relates to darkness in a black thing among the snow. This meaning the soot covered child is an oddment among everyone else. Blake stresses that he is all alone among the world and tries to win the readers sympathy. Using the word snow, Blake has used the snows berth of being cold to portray societys ill attitude to life. In general, Blake has tried to expose the churches twists of their religion to utility themselves. Blake has used the chimney sweeper s as evidence of this.They were taught that if they do their duty they not fear harm. And as the innocent children they believed blindly until gradual experience revealed that is was the church that taught me to sing the notes of woe. Most children were brought into chimney sweeping when they reached 5 and go on that life until their size grew too big to fit inside. Many died from becoming trapped, getting tuberculosis, asthma and testicular cancer. William Blake lived in London his whole life and wrote the poem London for Songs of experience.London was written in 1794, in the aftermath of the French Revolution. This was a time of great political conflict in Britain. It exposes the distance in classes between those in power and the poor. In the second stanza, mind-forgd manacles, this metaphor contains a deeper meaning then at first glance. The mind-forged relates back to the tygers meaning of being created as if it were a machine. manacles are chains to the arms, which is being used to say London was a like a prison.The powerful minority had imposed their laws and removed license of the majority. We see this as how the powerful people were granted charters to control the streets of London and the river. Blake is obviously displeased that the streets are chartered but more obviously for the Chartered Thames, which shouldnt be controlled by laws. This is evidence for his views on the removal of freedom. Blake writes the weakness and the woe has appeared in every face to show the misery to try and make the audition feel sympathy for the poor.The repetition of marks and every reveals the extreme anxiety which marks of misery show up in every Man and every Infants faces which inform us that the Londoners are weakened in mind, body and spirit by the imposing of laws and chartered streets. Blake has utilised this to increase the audiences sympathy. Another main point with deeper meaning is in the third stanza, where Blake utilises imagery of religion and dest ruction as a paradox. He is implying the snuff it of religion such as the religious imagery of the blackning church which even ups the loss of innocence and the societys desertion of faith.The chimney-sweepers cry symbolises trying to weak the soot that covers society and clean what causes their misery. But the blackning church can also be blackened metaphorically with the shame of not helping the poor with the use of their power. There is also a pun as appals centre to become pale, as with fear, but the churches are becoming metaphorically black, with soot. lifelessness in the third stanza, the hapless soldiers sigh is about the aftermath of the French revolution when soldiers were drafted into war, unwilling or willing.Blake uses the imagery of destruction Runs in blood down palace walls to explain why the society is force to mend their weakness and woe so an uprising will not occur in London. The stretch forth stanza reveals Blakes feelings that the next generation will be affected by his generation, youthful harlots hatred symbolises the youths bad kit and boodle will cause the newborn infants tear which means the new generation will have to deal with the previous generations problems. This shows how old generations make mistakes for the new such as the current generation creating global warming, which the next generation must deal with.The language in the final stanza such as plagues also symbolises the curse. The marriage hearse symbolises eternity with death, an oxymoron. This makes the effect of showing life is not without death, in every life there is a final misery, death. William Blake wrote Holy atomic number 90 in songs of innocence in 1789. Holy Thursday describes the churchs festival to commemorate the ascension of Jesus which takes place thirty-nine days after Easter. On the Thursday, children from the charity schools across London went on a march to attend a service at St Pauls Cathedral.Beadles were lower rank church members who k ept the order of the children as they arrived. The Songs of innocence version of Holy Thursday consists of three quatrains each with two rhyming couplets. The first stanza brings the life to the poem with use of colour imagery red, blue and discolor to emphasize the childrens delight. Blake uses innocent faces clean to once again stress how simple and innocent children are. They are clean because they have not yet acquired experience, which Blake saw experience as something bad.The Beadles are Grey headed, revealing them as possibly old aged. Blake also describes them as wise guardians perhaps because of the knowledge they have acquired till their old age. This is peculiar because the main attitude of Blake was that experience was something bad. It may be that Blake writes this because he is pleased that the children are brought up with a good religious attitude by the church. In the last stanza the children sing above the aged men, more evidence of the beadles old age and a way to show their experience.Blake may have done this because he believed the Beadles were not wise or bothered to be guardians of the children because they cared not for them, another link to show experience as something bad. In the last line of the last stanza, Then cherish pity, lest you social movement an angel from your door is a reference to Hebrews 132, Be not forgetful to entertain strangers for thereby some have entertained angels unawares. This is God telling people to be good to our fellow man as you dont know who they are. This portrays the children as angelic to the reader.Also the sentences of the poem lengthen across the page. This can represent the long marching line of the children towards the church. The Songs of experience version was written in 1794. It is about the same event from the Songs of innocence but the manner is more disheartening. The poem consists of four quatrains and Blake has removed the effect of lengthening the sentences. agricultural imagery is evi dent that the children are in a rich and fruitful land. Blake has done this because of the looker of the actual church itself but he then stresses they are still reduced to misery.This is a reflection to the sour attitude of life expressed in the poem London. Blake is furthermore disapproved of the powerful winning advantage of the poor. Blake furthermore criticises the integrity of the church by writing that the children are Fed with cold and usurous hand. This means that the church has no concern of the children as is only interested in continuing the ceremony so it will benefit the church as usurous meant to lend money for a profit. Blake has also written deeper split including And their ways are filld with thorns, from the third stanza.Blake has used religious imagery to suggest the childrens lives will be full of adversity just as Jesus did. The thorns give a reminder to Jesus being flogged along with the crown of thorns. This was the hardship Jesus endured but after being crucified he ascended straight to heaven. Blake is saying the children will endure hardship like this but when the die they will go straight to heaven. Comparisons between the two are that in the last line of the third stanza of the Songs of Experience version, It is eternal winter there, describes how the children see the ceremony from the experienced point of view.This is different from Holy Thursdays of the Songs of innocence. The last stanza of the Songs of Experience version links to the winter by saying that when the sun shines and the rain doesnt fall, there can never hunger there and Nor poverty. But in winter the sun does not shine and rain does fall, so therefore Blake is saying there is hunger and there is poverty. The Songs of innocence version portrays the children as flowers of London town, this gives a good humor of the imagery for the children.But The Songs of Experience version opposes this mood as their fields are bleak & marginal which both quotes touch on past oral imagery. The experience of the children has lead them to become miserable as the adults and are bleak and bare physically and mentally. In general, Holy Thursday is meant to be a joyous juncture as Blake writes about the children in Songs of innocence but the exploitation by the powerful minority has discouraged the poor majority and this foul mood on such an occasion is shown in Holy Thursday from Songs of Experience.William Blake died in 1827. Blake wrote Songs of Innocence and Experience to show the world the bad deeds that society had created, expanding on matters he felt important like religion and morality, child labour and cruelty. It is true that Songs of Innocence and Songs of experience are very complex and Blake has done a good job of helping the reader understand the complexity by using his powerful use of imagery and language and William Blake has definitely expressed his beliefs well though his poems.