Monday, September 30, 2019
Demography of China Essay
The demographic situation in Peopleââ¬â¢s Republic of China is one of the burning issues nowadays widely discussed in the global community. Today, Chinaââ¬â¢s population is over 1. 3 billion, the largest of any country in the world. So every 5th person in the world is coming from China. The population of China is greater than the entire world 150 years ago. Every year the population of China increases by 14 million people (the number of people in Texas or Chile). Each decade it increases by about 130 million (more than the population of Japan). About 39,000 new people are added every day. Cultural prerequisites for such family expanding tradition: The Chinese traditionally prefer early marriage, early child-bearing, and large families. Each married women usually raises between five and six children. The Chinese say: ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ more children means great happinessâ⬠. Population Problems in China. There is a great number of social, economic and environmental problems evoked by the demographic situation. * High unemployment rate. The competition to find a job is very high and as Chinese people saying themselves: ââ¬Å"Iââ¬â¢m frightened for my children`s future, Chinaââ¬â¢s biggest problem is the populationâ⬠. As a result a lot of people migrate to a bigger cities or to neighboring countries to seek for a job. * Water and food shortages. As the worldââ¬â¢s population increases, so too does its need for food and water ââ¬â the two resources which are absolutely necessary to sustain life. The Asian giant has been warned by one of its own groundwater experts to either cut its food production or else face ââ¬Å"direâ⬠water levels, especially in the dry northwest plains. If not, aquifers will sink to ââ¬Å"direâ⬠levels not seen in 30 years. For example, the yellow river is dying up. The river has been overused and abused. Dozens of dams block its flow, drawing off huge quantities of water to grow cotton in the desert. * Housing shortages. China has an acute shortage of housing, attributable not only to the large annual increases in population (over 10 million a year) that must be accommodated but also to the long-standing policy of directing investment funds into heavy industry rather than into housing and other social amenities. As a result of expensive housing, people are forced o live in poor conditions and share a flat with big number of people. * Chronic air and water pollution problems are now evident in rural and urban areas throughout the country. China didnââ¬â¢t join Kiyoto protocol, so having a well- developed industry it keeps on emitting CO2 in great quantities. Air pollution is all over China, even harming the most picturesque locations. Acid rain is also a common place. * All of these are issues that the Chinese government must struggle and find a lot of solutions in order improve the lives of its people.
Sunday, September 29, 2019
All Quiet on the Western Front Literary Devices essay Essay
The earth, as in the soil beneath our feet, is taken for granted every single day, but never by a soldier on the front lines. Erich Maria Remarque explains this through his character Paul Bà ¤umer in the excerpt of his novel All Quiet on the Western Front. Paul is explaining the effects that war on the front can leave with a soldier, the hopelessness, instinct of an animal, and appreciation for things as simple as the earth that we walk on. While explaining these effects Remarque uses literary and rhetorical devices.Portraying Paulââ¬â¢s sense of being helpless and trapped as an effect of being on the battle front, Remarque uses various literary devices to describe Paulââ¬â¢s feelings. The narrator Paul states, ââ¬Å"To me the front is a mysterious whirlpoolâ⬠a ââ¬Å"vortex sucking meâ⬠¦into itself.â⬠This extended metaphor expresses the hopelessness that the war leaves with soldier. The vortex symbolizes the loss of optimism in the weary soldiers and how it is ââ¬Å"irresistiblyâ⬠and ââ¬Å"inescapablyâ⬠happening. This paragraph of the passage could also be an example of how Remarque uses parallelism to tell of the effects.The front not only causes the soldiers to gain a muffled mind, but to also gain gratitude. While explaining the appreciation they get when fighting to survive at the front, Remarque uses different types of imagery to express their deep feeling towards the ground. ââ¬Å"To no man doe the earth mean so much as to a soldierâ⬠. He personifies the earth by calling it ââ¬Å"herâ⬠and creates an image of the earth as a mother figure, protecting and sheltering the soldiers. Then, later in the passage, Remarque writes as if Paul is praising the ground as a God, saying that it has ââ¬Å"redeemed themâ⬠and ââ¬Å"granted the soldiers a new lifeâ⬠. This can be taken as a dose overboard, however, this image the soldiers have devised of the earth in their mind, ââ¬Å"sheâ⬠has saved them, physically and religiously. Concluding the effects that Remarque characterizes in this portion of the novel, He describes the sudden takeover of animalistic instinct while in battle. This instinct is the difference between life and death. Paul tells that a man will find himself on the ground, right at the moment that a shell flies over him. Yet he cannot remember if he had heard it or what had happened ââ¬Å"one cannot explain it.â⬠This is the instinct that appears when your mind has departed ââ¬Å"It is this other, this second sight in us.â⬠Paul claims that this is what saves them. A literary device used near the end was when Paul says ââ¬Å"â⬠¦there would not be one man alive from Flanders to the Vosges.â⬠This is a hyperbole, because it is an exaggeration. Remarque continues the idea of animal instinct using an oxymoron: the soldiers come to the front and ââ¬Å"become on the instant human animals.â⬠He suggests that these soldiers retain the shape of humanity but have developed animal-like qualities in order to survive. This is a tragic consequence of war- the loss of humanity and civility. In the end Paul learns that he will never be the same. The profound transformations that he has endured during while being at the front have scared him beyond repair. This amplifies the hopelessness they feel, because if they do not die physically they will die emotionally. Remarque uses literary devices throughout the passage to emphasize to affect how the text is read. He uses personification multiple times throughout the paragraphs. When speaking of the soldierââ¬â¢s appreciation of the earth, Remarque personifies the earth and they develop strong feelings towards it. ââ¬Å"O Earth, thou grantest us the great resisting surge of new-won life.â⬠The overall message of the expert is the affect of the war on a soldiers mind. He will do anything to survive, he will find new recognition, and he will even give up all of his faith.
Saturday, September 28, 2019
Business Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words
Business Model - Essay Example agers is the business model canvas that evaluates organizations based on their value proposition, customer segments, channels, key activities, key partners, customer relations, revenue streams, cost structure and key resources. Osterwalder (2004) describes a business model as describing the rationale of how an individual firm creates captures and delivers value. This paper provides an evaluation of the business model of General Electric based on the building blocks in the business model canvas. As such, the paper will look at the value proposition in terms of the products that it offers to its customers and how the company creates value to the customers who then are convinced to make repeat purchases. It will also asses the key activities that General Electric engages in to offer value to its customers, the resources it needs to perform these activities; their key partners customer segments and the sources of income. General Electric is widely known for its products that are sold to consumers globally. The company has highly diversified its products to cover several areas including consumer products, energy, infrastructure and products in the industrial segment. The company, has grown over time to be one of the most successful and largest producers of goods in the world and their business model is worth a study. The companyââ¬â¢s business model is characterized by the diversification of their line of products to cover a wide range of products in a variety of fields including health and aviation industries. This should reasonably protect the company against the risks associated with a down turn in any of the industries (Gondzwaard, 1976). In what some scholars have noted to be an American culture oriented business environment, General Electric encourages competition both internally and externally and regards individual effort more than collective effort. The company also encourages and rewards continuous learning. In what can be called their value proposition,
Friday, September 27, 2019
SWOT Analysis Is Deeply Flawed and Should Not Be Applied as a Modern Essay
SWOT Analysis Is Deeply Flawed and Should Not Be Applied as a Modern Marketing Tool - Essay Example This analysis is mainly used in strategic management where that organization aimed at having a competitive advantage from its competitors and it is continuously reviewed. SWOT analysis has been upheld by many organizations, its benefits explored and also its weakness criticized (Evans, and Wright, 2009, p. 10). It is in this bid that this paper will be committed to discussing the thesis statement: SWOT analysis is deeply flawed and should not be applied as a modern marketing tool. Figure 1 The Inherent Weaknesses of SWOT Analysis To begin with, SWOT analysis is flawed as a marketing tool since it does not provide with all the information that is required by managers for strategic planning. From the face value, SWOT analysis is perceived by many people as an easy process. This is since all that a business is expected to do is implement the four quadrant SWOT analysis in the business. This is where the business capitalizes on its opportunities and strengths while mitigating its weaknes ses and threats. However, this is not easy and critical information necessary for making marketing decisions is overlooked by the SWOT analysis. It is flawed since it does not separate this information from the pivotal information that the organization needs to embark on immediately and the peripheral information that can be addressed. This translates to misplaced priorities as the marketing team will be more focused in exploiting the opportunities yet there are some threats that if not dealt with immediately will translate to massive losses. Moreover, as pertains to the SWOT analysis, it does not provide a guideline that shows which customer base is the most attractive, which strategy is the most powerful. Lack of guidelines as pertains to the results obtained from carrying out a SWOT analysis makes it flawed and hence should not be applied as a modern marketing tool (Valentin, 2001, p. 58). Subsequently, SWOT analysis is deeply flawed and should not be used as a marketing tool sin ce it is a checklist to evaluate the performance of the strengths and weaknesses identified upon carrying out a SWOT analysis. This is evidenced with an illustration of an example of a strength that has been identified by a business upon carrying out a SWOT analysis as a marketing tool. A business has identified its leadership in market share as strength for the benefit of the organization. On face value, this looks productive since positive correlations have been documented to exist between leadership in market share and the profitability of the organization. The business consequently surges forward to exploit the strength, without bearing in mind the minute details of leadership in market share leadership that may affect the performance of the business. The organization by relying on the SWOT analysis fails to assess if leadership in market share is relevant to the organization and if the investment made by the organization is feasible. Use of checklist in SWOT analysis makes it a flawed marketing tool due to lack of leverage of the decisions made and hence not a good modern marketing tool (Kotler, 2000, p. 78). Moreover, SWOT analysis is deeply flawed and should not be used as a marketing since it has been described as being vague and simplistic. This is evidenced
Thursday, September 26, 2019
Intr Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words
Intr - Lab Report Example In plants, an isolated seedling in fertile soil may have a very high chance of surviving to reproductive maturity. it will probably exhibit an extensive amount of module growth and will eventually produce a large number of seeds (Pujol 2006). However, a seedling that is closely surrounded by neighbours ,shading it with their leaves and depleting the water and nutrients of its soil with their roots, will be very unlikely to survive, and if it does, it will almost certainly form few modules and set few seeds (Wang 2005). Thus, itââ¬â¢s evident that the ultimate effect of competition on an individual is a decreased contribution to the next generation compared with what would have happened had there been no competitors. Thus the main aim of this report will be to test the null hypothesis that there is no statistically significant evidence in the data to show that the data provided is normally distributed. Group plants were collected and put into six pots per group while being planted at densities of 1,2,4,8,16,32 plants for every pot. Then a tray was used for storing tap water. The roots were keenly and carefully washed out in water while ensuring that the whole plant is kept intact. For each pot, the total root weight was taken, total shoot weight as well as total hypocotyls weight and the data recorded in an Excel table. The next step entailed calculating the mean weight (of shoots or roots or hypocotyls) per plant. Calculation of mean weight per plant was done by dividing the weights by the number of plants under study (Bossdorf 2005). Finally, all the contents of each pot were put into one bag and send to the oven ââ¬â labelling the bag with the group name and plant density. There were a total of 6 bags. All the six bags were put inside another bag to keep them together. One group measured the dried plant parts and the data recorded to be used for analysis. Then graphs of the data were drawn to facilitate evaluation of the relationship between
Wednesday, September 25, 2019
Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 32
Case Study Example KFC does not face any micro political risk, which arises from environmental and economic changes for outlets in foreign countries. Micro risks are inherent in United States KFC adaptation strategy involves adaptation of Chinese culture. This is observed in its involvement with Chinese governing bodies, and hiring of local staffs in it operation. Its goes further to incorporate Chinese food in its Menu, a rare feature and valuable strategy for business to thrive and survive. It strives to identify itself with locals in all processes, though it is an entity situated in a foreign land. Feeding of birds genetically to enhance their growth rate results to ailments Among them include extreme obesity, fatty livers and kidneys, heart attacks and other ailments. Overcrowding of birds to an extreme where some of them break wings, and hanging of chickens with conveyor belts while they are still alive are unethical practices observed in KFC business
Tuesday, September 24, 2019
Importance the Binary Gender System for People Essay
Importance the Binary Gender System for People - Essay Example That was the point when I began noticing that the society had different expectations for males and females. This was reinforced in different ways. With my parents ever warning me not to copy the behaviors of my twin brother, she kept emphasizing that I had to do things like a girl and not like a boy. Although I was well aware of the different expectations, I did not understand why such expectations existed. This means that the binary gender system began to influence my life long before I knew anything about it. This essay will describe my personal experience in a gendered world. I have so many memories of my childhood. I remember when I was three years old, I developed a weird obsession for car toys. My mother did not approve of my growing interest in car toys. She kept insisting that only my brother was allowed to play with them. She encouraged me to keep playing with my baby dolls because that was the expected conduct of girls at that age. As I grew older, my mother would invite me to the kitchen to help her with the little chores I could handle. Rarely did she call my brother to the kitchen. I always wondered why my mother did not want my brother to participate in the kitchen activities. In the evenings when my father came home, my brother would spend time with him and they would occasionally watch football together. This explains why at the age of 10 years, I could comfortably wash utensils while my brother did not have any idea of how utensils are washed. At that age, I was interested in dressing like a boy. There were many times when my mother had to i nsist that I have to dress like a girl. My brother seemed to be very comfortable with meeting my motherââ¬â¢s expectations of him as a boy (Ember 34). At the age of 10, my brother literary felt older than me, although we were twins as mentioned above. Without the doubt, he had begun to adopt the patriarchal thinking exhibited by many males in the society. Ã
Monday, September 23, 2019
Write a complete laboratory report that covers all three experiments Essay - 1
Write a complete laboratory report that covers all three experiments for Lab 2 Water Quality and Contamination - Essay Example ater comprises at least 70% of the earth, only about 1% percent of this water is fresh water, and the rest 99% of the water is non-usable salty water. The process of purifying salty water to make it usable fresh water is extremely complicated and expensive and as such, people, many animals, and plants have to survive on the 1%. There are three sources of fresh water used by people and animals; ground water, surface water, and aquifers. Surface water includes water that collects on the ground through the process of precipitation and which does not evaporate back to the atmosphere or even infiltrates to the ground. This water collects in such places such as rivers, lakes, among others. Ground water on the other hand settles underneath the ground, and is stored in pores, fractures, or solid rock underneath the earth surface. This water collects in these places through the infiltration process. Aquifers on the other hand are areas where water collects such as in sand, gravel or permeable rock. Although rainwater is pure, it gets contaminated very fast, especially after it touches the ground through man made, natural and animal pollutants. Ground pollutants travel from one place to another through streams, rivers, or ground water while others are available in the air. Man-made pollutants include motor oil, petrol and diesel, acidic chemicals, among others. There are many dangers of consuming contaminated water, especially the potential of these impurities in causing diseases. Poisons, disease causing agents and toxins can reside in water, and adversely affect people. Medics believe that contaminated water such as toxins and lead acid chemicals are responsible for majority of cancers affecting many people today. It is because of these impurities and dangers associated with contaminated water that water purification becomes
Sunday, September 22, 2019
Aspects of contracts and negligence Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Aspects of contracts and negligence - Assignment Example The offer must be addressed to a specific person or group of persons hence invitation to treat cannot be considered as an offer. It must then be accepted or rejected by another party. If it is accepted then a contract is made. In Gibson v Manchester City Council - CA [1978] 1 WLR 520, Manchester City council was being managed by Conservative Party which worked with a policy of selling city councilââ¬â¢s premises. Gibson made an application for information of his house and terms of mortgage on the councilââ¬â¢s form (McKendrick, 2005; p. 47). The council replied by stating that it was prepared to sell the house at a purchase price of à £2,725 less 20% = à £2,180 which was not to be taken as an offer. Gibson filed in the application form with the exception of the purchase price and took it back to the council. The labor party took over and stopped all the sales where Gibson was informed that he could not complete the contract. Gibson sued the council on claims that the contract was already executable. It was ruled by the House of Lords there existed no contract because the parties had not come to a material agreement of the contract. For a valid contract to be executed, the offer must be accepted by the other party. The acceptance must be conveyed to the offeree, the agreement must be assured and the terms of accepting the offer must be precisely the same to the terms contained in the offer. In Entores v Miles Far East [1955] 2 QB 327à the plaintiff delivered a telex message from England promising to buy 100 tons of Cathodes from Miles Far East in Holland. A telex message was sent back to the petitioner from Holland to England accepting the terms of the offer (McKendrick, 2005; p. 51). The issue was for the court to determine the point at which the contract was executable. In case the acceptance was valid from the time the telex message was delivered the contract was created in Holland hence
Saturday, September 21, 2019
Statement of Purpose Essay Example for Free
Statement of Purpose Essay As a small child I remember trying to make a pyramid of cards and failing repeatedly. What I had always been missing those days was the need to focus on creating a strong base rather than abruptly rushing on to reach the top. With my undergraduate study at an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), the best technological institutes in India with inarguably the toughest selection ratio (~2%) in the world I am sure that the strong base required to build the pyramid is laid and the next level to reach my goals would be to do my graduate studies at University of California, Santa Barbara. Born in an era of technological revolutions, witnessing the advent of cell phones, mp3 players, digital cameras, computers, laptops, internet, DVDs to name a few, I developed a strong liking for technology from my childhood. It was clear that Mathematics and Science were the subjects which fascinated me and my accomplishments in various quizzes and competitions in school fuelled my exploration of these subjects. It was in my eleventh standard when I got 12th rank in the Regional Mathematics Olympiad, conducted by NHBM, Govt. f India that I got exposed to elements of Discrete Mathematics, particularly Combinatory and Graph Theory, outside the regular school curriculum at an early stage. The intensive training programs we were put through for the Olympiads gave me a lot of confidence in dealing with abstract mathematical problems. I represented my region among around 200 students from all over India in the National Mathematics Olympiad. Next year my dedication towards my work got rewarded when I cleared the various prestigious national level examinations of India which made it further clear what I was meant to do in life. It began when I cleared the KVPY Examination, which is one of the highest valued and most competitive scholarship examinations conducted by Govt. of India and received a call letter from IISER Pune (Indian Institute of Science Education and Research) for admission to their BSc course with the KVPY Fellowship. Next I secured a rank of 290 in National Entrance Screening Test making me eligible for admissions to NISER (National Institute of Science Education and Research) whereby the selection rate is only 0. 325 %. But finally I choose to pursue Electrical Engineering from IIT Bhubaneswar after envisaging the broad range of research areas this field would provide me like control and automation, telecommunications, signal processing, analogue and digital electronics and Power systems. The undergraduate study at IIT Bhubaneswar has been a defining step in giving shape to my dreams. The cut throat competition among the best of students in India demanded sincere efforts and meticulous planning. I honed my analytical skills, technical prowess and aptitude for innovation. Moreover, I learnt the significance of proper planning and resilience to prevail over hard times, thus helping me mature as an individual. It was just a few months in my undergraduate studies, that I realized that the true charm of engineering existed in its application and to gain an insight into the wider domains of Electrical Engineering I pursued internships every year during the summer vacations. The excitement to explore new things and learn new concepts kept me busy during the off college hours. At the end of first year I choose to explore the area of embedded systems and took an internship in DOEACC, a Govt. of India Center, which not only offered me an insight to microcontrollers but made me realize the grandness of the field, motivating me to explore even more. I developed a snake game using 8051 series of controller as a small project in the internship. Returning back to college after the vacations my first task became to join the Robotics Society of the Institute and to share my experiences and to motivate juniors and fellow students to enjoy and discover the aspects this field had to offer. I became the core member of the Robotics Team and offered various seminars and made various robots including line follower, glider etc. as a part of the team. This fascination for robotics was widened in next semester when I learnt new topics in class and in topics like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Signal Processing (DSP) I found my particular interest. Thereby I choose to do my second internship in IIT Delhi where I did work on Artificial Intelligence based Biometric Authentication. This period of 3 months led me to get insights into topics which I havenââ¬â¢t explored till then . Here I not only got the idea of various image processing techniques but also about various classifiers and soft computing techniques like Neural Networks and Evolutionary Algorithms which proved handy throughout my undergraduate studies. Here I coauthored my first research paper which was published in Springer LNCS as a part of proceedings of international conference SEMCCO11. Unable to resist my immaculate desire to learn even new things and filled with the inspiration to make something useful for the people I kept researching and this time speech processing caught my eye. I was selected for internship in Deutsche Telekom laboratories- TU Berlin (The RD Center of the largest telecommunications company in Europe). These 3 months of internship in a technologically advanced country gave me an international exposure. My continued interaction with scientists, professors and students from all around the world working in the lab filled me with extreme motivation and broadened my thinking. I worked on emotion recognition from speech and we extracted a new set of features which helped in improvement of accuracy and my paper got accepted in International conference ICECIT 2012, India and will be published by Elsevier. The interest in speech processing I developed in Berlin was to be further intensified as I choose to work on making a novel speaker and emotion recognition system in my final year B. Tech project under the supervision of an eminent professor in the field of Digital Signal Processing Prof. Ganapati Panda, Deputy Director and Head of school of Electrical Sciences, IIT Bhubaneswar. Realizing the fact that Indian languages have not been studied much with the aspects of emotional speech, my first task became to create an Indian language database for the study. I experimented and found out that the traditional speaker recognition system failed in an emotional environment and needed to be modified to take emotions into account and I am working on it. To supplement and strengthen my domain knowledge, I am taking up course on Biomedical Signal Processing in my final year at IIT. Looking back and introspecting I have figured out the true meaning of the quote late Mr. Steve Jobs said in his 2005 Stanford Commencement Speech: ââ¬Å"You cant connect the dots looking forward; you can only connect them looking backwards. Connecting the dots I have realized my true ambition to do research work oriented towards the areas of machine learning, signal processing and pattern recognition aiming towards development of something useful for the mankind and a Masters course in Electrical Engineering would provide me an excellent platform for achieving the same. From the development of Intelligent Robots with the ability to learn natural language, understand emotions, having an improved vision system to the use of signal processing in medical applications all these have considerably motivated me to choose my future in this field. With the Mars Rover Curiosity marking a technological triumph, imagining a world in future where robots would be assisting humans in their daily work, where technology would be providing the cure for the differently abled people, where there will be an ceaseless growth of automation and where human computer interaction will reach to newer domains has not just remained a dream. I believe that my ambitions, academic excellence, research work are all in unison with what UCSB MS program in Electrical Engineering expects. In the research activities going on in various labs and research groups like Advanced Graphics Lab, Vision Research Lab, System Bio Imaging Lab I have found a marvelous synchronization of my ongoing research work. The amazing research work by Prof. Pradeep Sen in the field of computer graphics such as development of augmented reality based systems, the work by Prof Manjunath on image processing, the work by Prof. L. Rabiner on speech processing and many other works going on in an interdisciplinary environment such as in IGERT program have not only motivated me to join UCSB Electrical Engineering Dept. ut has left a deep influence on my mind to be a part of the change towards a better future. The intellectually rich, vibrant and multi-cultural student community at UCSB will manifold my process of learning and exploring the unexplored. It is said ââ¬â ââ¬Å"Setting a goal is not the main thing. It is deciding how you will go about achieving it and staying with that planâ⬠. Here I am standing at an important path of my career and connecting all the dots I am sure about my goal, my future and sure about the perfect masterââ¬â¢s program which will help me achieve my dreams.
Friday, September 20, 2019
Solvothermal Preparation of CaTiO3 Prism and CaTi2O4(OH)2
Solvothermal Preparation of CaTiO3 Prism and CaTi2O4(OH)2 Solvothermal preparation of CaTiO3 prism and CaTi2O4(OH)2 nanosheet by a facile surfactantfree method Weixia Dong, Gaoling Zhao, Bao Qifu, Gu Xingyong, Gaorong Han Abstract: Calcium titanate (CaTiO3) with prism-like-shaped morphology were synthesized by a simple solvorthermal process without any surfactants. It is found that NaOH concentration plays an important role in the formation of CaTiO3 prisms. A rational mechanism is proposed to illustrate the growth of CaTiO3 prisms. And the CaTi2O4(OH)2 interlaminar structure is illustrated. Keywords: solvorthermal preparation, surfactant-free, CaTiO3 prism, CaTi2O4(OH)2 interlaminar structure Introduction Due to its widespread potential applications in a lot fields, calcium titanium oxides have been considered as one of the most important inorganic materials. The most classic model for shape control is the Wulff facets argument or Gibbs-Curie-Wulff theorem, which suggests that the shape of a crystal depends on the relative specific surface energy of each face or facet of the crystal 1. However, our experiment results show that this pure thermodynamic can not explain well. It can be the concentration of existing monomers by tuning NaOH concentration plays a key role for the evolution of the shapes and phases of the calcium titanium oxide crystals 2. If the pH values can be well-controlled, the growth of crystals with different morphologies should be possible. As a result, the concentration of the remaining monomers after the nucleation process is dependent on the number of nuclei formed. To maintain the correct pH of the solvorthermal system, it is necessary to use alkaline or acidity mineralizers (i.e. pH adjusting agents). NaOH or HNO3 are most convenient for this purpose. However, intermediates are often observed during the preparation of CaTiO3. The presence of this impurity phase significantly affects the materialââ¬â¢s properties and, thus, it should be avoided. Therefore, it is worthwhile to compare NaOH concentration that are necessary to obtain phase-pure caltium oxides 3. In the present work, calcium tantium oxides was prepared by a solvorthermal method by tuning NaOH concentration. A rational mechanism is proposed to illustrate the growth of CaTiO3 prisms. And the CaTi2O4(OH)2 interlaminar structure is analysised by XRD, SEM and FT-IR . Experimental procedure Synthesis The CaTiO3 crystals were synthesized in an aqueous medium by a solvothermal route. In a typical synthesis, 0.01mol Ti(OC4H9)4 (Sigma Aldrich, 99%) were mixed with molar ratio of water/enthonal=10/10. In particular, pH value of deionized water was adjusted 1 by adding HNO3. Then added to 10 ml of a 1 M CaCl2à ·5H2O solution under vigorous stirring at room temperature. After the solution was stirred for 5 min, various NaOH concentration (0.005 M, 0.01 M, 1 M, 3 M, 5 M, 7 M) was added to adjust the pH. Subsequently, the autoclave was sealed and maintained at180 à °C for 36 h, followed by natural cooling to room temperature. Afterward, the final products were centrifuged, washed with deionized water and absolute ethanol several times, and then dried at 80 à °C for 15 h in air. Characterization The morphologies of the powders were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Hitachi S-4800, Japan). The crystal phases of the products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD, PANalytical Xââ¬â¢Pert Pro, Holland), in a 2à ¸ range from 100 to 800, using Cu-Ka radiation. UVââ¬âVis absorption was measured by a TU-1901 spectrophotometer equipped with a reflectance attachment and BaSO4 was used as the reference material. Infrared spectra of the samples were obtained using a Nicolet Nexus 470 Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer in the 400-4000 cm1 region by KBr pellet. Results and discussion We have systematically investigated the system in various NaOH concentrations while keeping the other reaction conditions unchanged, as shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Fig. 1 XRD patterns of samples synthesized at different NaOH concentrations: (a) 0.005 M, (b) 0.01 M, (c) 1 M, (d) 3 M, (e) 5 M, (f) 7 M. Fig. 1 shows the XRD patterns of the samples synthesized in various NaOH concentrations. When NaOH concentrations is 0.005 M, the sample is CaTi2O5 (JCPDS card 25-1450) phase. When NaOH concentrations is 0.01 M, the sample is pure CaTi2O4(OH)2 (JCPDS card 39-0357) phase (Fig. 1(b)). When NaOH concentrations increases to 1 M, intensity of CaTi2O4(OH)2 phase increases. Further increasing NaOH concentration to 3 M, CaTi2O4(OH)2 phase disappears and CaTiO3 (JCPDS card 42-0423) appears with a little trace of Ti3O5 and Ti4O7. When NaOH concentrations is above 5 M, pure CaTiO3 is obtained and peak intenisity of CaTiO3 further increases, which indicates well crystallized. Fig. 2 FESEM images of the samples synthesized at different NaOH concentrations: (a) 0.005M, (b) 0.01M, (c) 1M, (d) 3M, (e) 5 M, (f) 7 M. When NaOH concentrations is 0.005 M, CaTi2O5 aggregated particles are obtained (Fig. 2(a)). When NaOH concentrations is 0.01 M, CaTi2O4(OH)2 porous needlelike and floating irregular clouds-like particles are obtained (Fig. 2(b)). When the NaOH concentrations are 1 M, CaTi2O4(OH)2 morpholgy is mainly composed of overlap leaves (Fig. 2(c)). When the NaOH concentrations are 3 M, nanosheets disspeared, and a lot of aggregated particles with a little trace of prisms(Fig. 2(d)). Whereas above 5 M, CaTiO3 rectangular prisms were formed (Fig. 2 (e)-(f)). On the basis of all the above observations, it is indicated that the presence of NaOH concentrtion in the solution is necessary for the formation of calcium titanium oxides. From the viewpoint of the chemical composition effect, the NaOH concentration may influence the combination of free Ca2+ and release Ti4+ ions of TiO2 in the solvothermal process [4]. Due to forming a lower amounts of active OH ions and small amounts of TiO2 soluble species in low NaOH concentration (0.005M, 0.01M), reactive Ca2+ and TiO2 causes the reaction to be controlled by the transport of TiO2 soluble species from hydroxide crystals to an interface bearing reactive Ca species. A shortage of TiO2 soluble species near Ca2+ will halt the reaction to form CaTiO3. Instead, owing to the small solubility of titanium dioxide in the acid conditions, CaTi2O5 forms. Increasing NaOH to 0.01M, the solvothermal processing accelerate the TiO2 formation and promote TiO2 to transform small amounts of Ti4+ ions [4-5], which are involved in a reaction with Ca2+à ¯Ã ¼Ã
âleading to the formation of CaTi2O4(OH)2 crystallites. However, a large amount of Ti(OH)4 was formed when NaOH concentration was increased to 1M, O-H group of TiO6 octahedron free end decreases, the probability of Ca2+ into the lattice of the increase, the formation of tetragonal CaTiO3 particles. With the increase of NaOH concentration to 5 M, i. e. in the high OH ion concentration, because of solvothermal synthesis of CaTiO3 crystal defects and grain size effect, CaTiO3 particles are formed. For the cubic phase CaTiO3, (110) and (100) surfaces can exist at the same time, gamma (110) is slightly larger than the gamma (100) crystal[3-4], which makes the tetragonal CaTiO3 nanocrystals along (110) plane and (100) surface growth, so CaTiO3 particles will give priority to the relatively low surface energy (100) surface growth, resulting in the formation of prism. Further increasing NaOH concentration, prism further Ostwald ripening, formi ng distinct edges and corners of CaTiO3 prisms [3-4]. A detailed time study is obvious for the growth process of the CaTiO3 prism in the case of 7 M NaOH. Unfortunately the experiments show the CaTiO3 prism are quickly fromed due to the fast growth rate, which prevents the direct observations of its detailed growth process. Howerver, based on the morphology evolution (Fig. 2(a)-(f)) , the growth process of CaTiO3 prism by the solvothermal process with 7 M NaOH is simply illustrated in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 Schematic representation of the growing process of CaTiO3 prism-like structures. In previous researches, our work found that CaTi2O4(OH)2 may have photocatalytic and electrochemical properties [5-6]. On view of the potential application, the structure of CaTi2O4(OH)2 is what we want. Fig. 4 shows FT-IR spectra in the range of 400-4000 cmââ¬â1 of CaTi2O4(OH)2 sample. The peaks at 3425 cm1 can be attributed to the O-H stretching. Compared with free ââ¬âOH ( 3600 cm-1 )à ¯Ã ¼Ã
âthe absorption peak shifts to low wavelength, which is due to the coordinated water molecules via hydrogen bonding interaction to the CO32- of the interlamination [5]. The broad absorption band observed at 3200 cm-1 is originated from the presence of hydroxyl groups of water 7. The absorption peak at 1538 cm-1 attributes to H-O-H bending of the lattice water 8. The sharp absorption peak at 1357 cm-1 attributes to C-O-C bending of carbonate ion. A band centered at 750 cm-1, which is attributed to isolated tetrahedron TiO4 stretching vibration. The absorption bands below 500 cm-1, i . e. bands centered at 495 and 425 cm-1 can be ascribed to Ca-Ti-O bending vibrations 8. From XRD and FT-IR results, the interlamination contains CO32-, H2O, isolated tetrahedron TiO4 and ââ¬âOH ions, Fig. 5 shows diagrammatic sketch of CaTi2O4(OH) 2 sample. Fig. 4 FT-IR spectra in the range of 400-4000 cmââ¬â1 of CaTi2O4(OH)2 sample. Fig. 5 Diagrammatic sketch of CaTi2O4(OH)2 sample. Conclusion In summary, we report here a simple solvothermal process for the formation of pure calcium tantium oxides without any surfactants. It is also found that the appropriate concentration of NaOH is vital for the formation of CaTiO3 prism. A possible mechanism has been proposed to explain the formation of CaTiO3 prism. And the CaTi2O4(OH) 2 interlaminar structure is illustrated. Acknowledgement The present work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 51262014 and 51172201). References H. Hosono, Y. Mishima, H. Takezoe and K. J. D. MacKenzie. ââ¬ËNanomaterials: From Research to Applicationsââ¬â¢ Elsevier Ltd., Oxford, 2006, pp. 206 W. Dong, B. Song, G. Zhao and G. Han. ââ¬ËEffects of pH on morphosynthesis and properties of calcium titanium oxides via a facile aqueous strategyââ¬â¢, Mater. Res. Bull., 2013,11, 4633-4640 Y. J. Huang, H. T. Chiu, C.Y. Lee, Growth of CaTiO3 dendrites and rectangular prisms through a wet chemical method, CrystEngComm, 11 (2009)1904ââ¬â1909. W. Dong, G. Zhao, B. Song, G. Xu, J. Zhou and G. Han. ââ¬ËSurfactant-free fabrication of CaTiO3 butterfly-like dendrite via a simple one-step solvothermal routeââ¬â¢, CrystEngComm, 2012, 14, 6990 6997. W. Dong, B. Song, G. Zhao, and G. Han. ââ¬ËControllable synthesis of CaTi2O4(OH) 2 nanoflakes by a facile template-free process and its propertiesââ¬â¢, Ceram. Int., 2013, 39, 6795-6803. W. Dong, B. Song, G. Zhao, and G. Han. ââ¬ËSynthesis and Characterization of CaTi2O4(OH) 2 Nanosheets for Lithium-Ion Batteryââ¬â¢. INT. J. ELECTR. SCI., 2013, 8, 4551-4559 G. M. Duffy, S. C. Pillai and D. E. McCormack, J. Mater. Chem. 2007, 17, 181-184. K. Nakamoto. ââ¬ËInfrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic and Coordination Compoundsââ¬â¢, Fifth edn, Wiley, Toronto, 1997, pp.67-78.
Thursday, September 19, 2019
Free College Admissions Essays: Mathematics :: College Admissions Essays
Mathematics à I have always enjoyed mathematics from an early age. As I progressed through A-level, I began to appreciate the importance of mathematics in other science and in commercial life. I believe that a degree in mathematics will leave me very versatile in terms of a future career choice. From 1992 onwards, I was selected every year to represent the school for Hans Woyda Mathematics competition between Home Counties schools. In 1997/98, I was captain of the team. Previously, we have reached the semi-finals of the competition. I have also attained three gold awards in the Sharp UK Mathematical Challenge on the occasions I entered. I have also gained a Merit award in the British Physics Olympiad competition. à I enjoy computer programming and am fluent in Basic and Visual Basic. In 1997, I gained experience work with Cable & Wireless at their Mercury One 2 One division. This involved using a Unix based system running in real time with the company's other offices. During this time, I learnt to set-up spreadsheets for the company, requiring macro programming. The aim was to generate weekly forecasts. à The school participated in the Young Enterprise scheme, sponsored by major UK companies. The scheme entails setting up a business organisation with a board of directors comprising of members from various schools. As financial director of Avanti, which manufactured and sold celebratory cards, I was responsible for the company's financial health. The company made a considerable profit (67% net), leading to second position in the local competition. This experience gave me the opportunity to develop my organisational and communication skills. I was also an active member of the 6th form council with responsibility for ordering and monitoring stock for the vending machine. à Since 1994, I have played rugby for the school's 1st XV. I have competed for the school at 200m and recently took part in the 'Tough Guy' competition, an endurance course entailing several months of rigorous training and raising money for charity. I have recently gained my 1st Dan Black belt in Karate.
Wednesday, September 18, 2019
The Comedy of Hamlet Essay -- Character Analysis, Polonius,Gertrude, C
How does the use of comic relief best contrast the tragedy of Hamlet? In great works of literature a comic relief is used as contrast to a serious scene to intensify the overall tragic nature of the play or to relieve tension. As illustrated in Shakespeareââ¬â¢s tragedy Hamlet, intense scenes are joined with characterââ¬â¢s banter and vacuous actions as to add a comic relief. In Hamlet, Polonius acts as a comic relief by his dull and windy personality, Hamlet uses his intelligence and his negativity toward the king and queen to create humor, while on the other hand Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are a comic relief by their senseless actions and naà ¯ve natures. Polonius, Hamlet, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are all used as a comic relief to increase the ultimate tragic nature of the play. Polonius is a comic relief because of his self-absorbed, dull personality. Polonius is over-eager and tries to give unwanted advice, during the play he is tactless and often rude. For instance, Polonius is a comic relief during his conversation with Gertrude and Claudius regarding Hamletââ¬â¢s madness. Polonius rambling through his conversation contrasts with Gertrudeââ¬â¢s seriousness of wanting to find out the reason to Hamletââ¬â¢s madness. As Polonius begins to deliver to the king and queen the results of his investigation, he makes this statement, ââ¬Å"My liege, and madam, to expostulate/ What majesty should be, what duty is,/ What day is day, night is night, and time is time,/ Were nothing but to waste night, day, and time;/ Therefore, since brevity is the soul of wit,/ And tediousness the limbs and outward flourishes,/ I will be brief. Your noble son is mad. . . .â⬠(IIii,86-92) . Poloniusââ¬â¢ speech is windy and nonsensical he wastes ti... ...d that he's been insulted for being stupid. Hamlet uses his intelligence and morbid sense of humor to portray the show how sad the play really is. In conclusion, a comic relief is used to relieve tension and to contrast serious scenes to increase the ultimate tragic nature of the play. Polonius uses his self absorbed dull personality to create humor in his scenes. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern act as the fool by their tactless actions and dialogue, their lightheartedness makes the tragic parts of the play seem all the more tragic. And finally Hamlet uses his morbid humor to intensify scenes of sorrow while he also bitterly teases others to relieve tensions at times. The comic relief in Shakespeareââ¬â¢s Hamlet contrasts intense scenes as to make them more intense. work Cited Shakespeare, William. Hamlet. Ed. Harold Jenkins. London: Methuen, 1982. Print.
Tuesday, September 17, 2019
International Failures Essays -- GCSE Business Marketing Coursework
International Failures Companies around the world are seeking to expand overseas, driven by many different reasons whether to lower labor costs, technological innovation or the almighty dollar. No matter what the reason, without the proper knowledge and financial funding the company will fail. There have been numerous companies that have experienced this first hand. If they would have noticed the warning signs they may have been able to salvage the company. Fast-food companies have been one of the fastest to globally expand. They also experience some of the hardest down falls. An often quoted example is the failure of Prague's first Pizza Hut which closed down because too many ingredients had to be imported in for the one existing restaurant. The added expense for importing ingredients made operating expenses too high. Fortunately, most fast-food chains are large enough to overcome closure to a couple stores. But what would happen if an entire country was rejecting the company. This is the problem that McDonald's is facing. McDonald's is one of most successful fast food chains with 29,000 stores in 119 countries and sales of 38.5 billion dollars. But now, with growth slowing worldwide, McDonald's will add just 1,400 new restaurants, the lowest numbers since 1994. International sales already represent 51% of the global sales. They arrived in Brazil in 1979; many of the franchisees had a strong business selling big macs. After many years of growth, from 175 restaurants in 1995 to 563 this year, Brazil is McDonald's eighth most important market worldwide(Smith 1). Their sales in Brazil went from 620 million Reais in 1995 to 1.3 billion last year. Until recently, the company was still planning to double its current number of restaurants here by 2003. Behind the lines of customers eager for a burger, the Brazilian franchisees are having a hard time financially. According to an estimate made by franchisees that are in judicial litigation against the fast food chain, around 80% of the 152 franchisees that own half of the stores in Brazil are having difficulty to make ends meet at the end of the month(McDonald's 1). Some decided to sell their business. Others decided to fight. The first main concern of the franchisees is the rapid growth of new stores. The expansion program that increased the fast food chain in the last two years is crea... ... can succeed globally if they know what they are doing and have the financial funding WORK CITIED AT&T, BT pull Concert plug. CNN Money. October 2001. http://money.cnn.com/2001/10/16/international/bt Capell, Kerry and Heidi Dawley. Commentary: How British Telecom blew it. Business Week Online. April 2001. http://www.businessweek.com Gomoloski, Barb. Going global: Some lessons from eToys and Yahoo that might help You. InfoWorld. February 2001. http://staging.infoworld.com McDonald's Problems in Brazil. 2000. http://mcdonalds-problems-in-brazil.com Monti, Joseph A. Taking the high road when going international. Business Horizons. July 2000. http://www.findarticles.com Smith, Tony. Brazil franchisees sue McDonald's. AP Business Writer. December 2001. http://www.washingtonpost.com Pappalardo, Denise. Sprints ION, AT&T-BT's Concert reach end of the line. Network World. October 2001. Weber, Joseph. AT&T-BT: A big Telecom deal up north. August 1999. Weintraub, Arlene. How eToys could have made it. Business Week Online. February 2001. http://businessweek.com Zwaig, Melvin and Michelle Pickett. Early warning signs. MSI Network. http://msi-network.com
Monday, September 16, 2019
India & Mexico: the two stories Essay
By the end of 20th century, the world had realized that the next century is going to be driven by developing nations from South America, Central America and Asia on economic ground. The role of the economically developed nation will get reduced to that of investor and consumer while the developing nations will be converted into producers with foreign direct investment will bring capital and technology for that production. Looking into Asia, the nations which is supporting the above mentioned view are neither Japan nor the South East Asian tigers comprising ASEAN; but the worldââ¬â¢s two most populated nations namely China and India. Many economists called this advent of the two nations as the arrival of Chindia. The China has now become the factory of the world while India is a service sector giant while leading in the sectors like software development and BPO industry (Perkovich, 2003). And in case of Central America and South America, the countries which are expected to match the growth of other developing nations are Brazil, Argentina and Mexico. These nations have a very different past if things like political stability and economic policies are taken into consideration. India and its late rise à à à à à à à à à à à Though both China and India have now become a very successful case of FDI channeled development model but the structure of economy of these two nations are at the two ends of any of the economic theory. In China, being a one party communist state and very strong central government economic decisions are taken irrespective of what is actually the people at ground wish while in India, being a secular democratic nation with multi-party political system decisions related to economy are often taken while considering the compulsions like electoral promises and is very much populist in nature. à à à à à à à à à à à The governments which includes both central and states are always under pressure from both opposition parties and popular public demand and many a times the decisions get affected due to this factor. At the same time, Indiaââ¬â¢s economic stand for more than forty years of its independence had been protective and least connected with the world (Bromley, Mackintosh, Brown &à Wuyts, 2004, p. 196). Its neutral stand during the cold war and strategic military relationship with USSR caused very less interaction with western world led by USA. The country continued to pursue its independent political stand and entered 21st century, its economic structure saw extreme changes and the country now boasts of having the USA as its largest trading partner and at the same time, US has also found great interest in worldââ¬â¢s largest democracy and the recently signed nuclear treaty between the US president George Bush and Indian Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh clearly underlines the growing interest between the two. à à à à à à à à à à à So the new India or better to say the liberalized India post reforms presents a beautiful case where Kenneth Waltzââ¬â¢s theory of International Relations which states that the action of a state can often get affected due to pressures being exerted by international forces and thereby limiting the options available to them(1979). The neorealist or structured model has been developed with the aim to explain the repeating patterns of state behavior and power and its extent which is the combination of its capacity to resist external influence while influencing others to behave according to its wishes. à à à à à à à à à à à The liberalization process in India began in early 1990s in the tenure of the Prime Minister P. V. Narashimha Rao under the leadership of then Finance Minister Dr. Manamohan Singh. The reform process and Indiaââ¬â¢s integration into world economy was widely appreciated with International Monetary Fund or the IMF calling it a long term corrective measure. The reform process which began with India signing GATT and becoming a part of WTO was widely appreciated by almost all economic quarters (Bromley et. al, 2004, p. 173). The Narashimha Rao govt. continued with his reforms though slowly despite stiff resistance from major opposition parties by destroying the opposition unity (Bromley et. al, 2004, p. 167). à à à à à à à à à à à After entering into a new economic fold, the Indian Stateââ¬â¢s decision showed the signs of getting influenced through external international forces which includes IMF, World Bank and other trade partners including US and EU. On economic issues, the Indian government for obtaining loans from IMF and World Bank had to observe their demands. Some of the demands that IMF made were import liberalization, tariff reduction, decontrolling the food grains market, decreasing subsidies in food and agricultural sector, PSU privatizations, enabling law for attracting FDI in manufacturing and infrastructure projects and opening the domestic banking and insurance sector i.e., financial liberalization (Bromley et. al, 2004, p. 199).. The Indian government reacted cautiously but in a considerably long period, opened some of the sectors with foreign players holding majority stakes while in most of the sectors FDI was promoted to some percentage that may be 26 percent or up to 49 percent (Govt. of India, 2005). à à à à à à à à à à à The economic reforms of Indian economy went into super fast mode during the regime of new political party. The BJP government was found to be pro-reformist with measures taken by continued to follow the path initiated by the Narashimha Rao Government. This stand of BJP was in sharp contrast to what it had observed during the beginning of the reform movement (Bromley et. al., 2004, p. 168). Under the BJP government, India tested five nuclear weapons and was widely criticized by most of the countries (Perkovich, 2003). The US government imposed a series of economic sanctions and the relationship between the two nations started showing down turn. But the Indian economy showed resilience and even the US congress and other western nations realized this fact and the sanctions were removed in a number of phases. The terrorist attack of September 11 2001 changed the scenario and the world under US leadership started considering terrorism as an international threat and India being a victim of Pakistan sponsored terrorism gave unequivocal support to US led war against terror (Perkovich, 2003). à à à à à à à à à à à But the real success of India has been observed in form of the success of software giants like Infosys, TCS, Wipro and many smaller ones (Bromley et. al., 2004, p. 209). These companies opened new era of business through outsourcing of jobs from US and this led to the advent of many of the US based MNCs like Accenture, IBM, GE and others investing a lot in India. The condition has become so different that the growth of Indian firms is dependent on US. Now the other sectors like retail, automobile, telecommunication etc. are getting large input through FDI channel (Perkovich, 2003). à à à à à à à à à à à Now this US supported growth of economy has made the government to follow foreign policies with extra care so that the interests of US must be taken into account and the mutually beneficial relationship between the two countries should remain intact. These things are clearly showing that the countryââ¬â¢s stand on different international issues have started getting affected by economic policies of developed nations especially USA (Kapila, 2006). Mexico & Economic Liberalization à à à à à à à à à à à Now when we think of the continent of North America, we normally have the picture two economically very developed countries namely United States of America and Canada. But Mexico is another major economy of the region but with a different structure and status. Basically a developing country with a very unusual past when compared with other major countries of the region mentioned above, the countryââ¬â¢s economic policy in the major part of 20th century had been without any vision. The political establishment has always supported various ideologies at the same time. The left centered administration and economic policy of Cuba and other left economies of the world got support from most of the Mexican government over the past 50 years but the same governments had reacted sharply against any move to any communist movement in the nation. Before 1970, the economy policy of Mexico was that of Private Public supported and investment by foreign companies had been given high priority. But after the massacre in the Plaza of the Three Cultures, the newly elected government started following an economic policy leaned more towards left philosophy of collective ownership. And despite flagging economic condition of the nation, populist policies for earning political mileage became a national policy. With every new government the country followed comparatively different policies creating more economic and monetary instability instead of any straight forward economic growth. à à à à à à à à à à à The year 1994 saw the beginning of a new era in trade relations among three major countries of North America. With the launch of North America Free Trade Agreement i.e., NAFTA, comprising of worldââ¬â¢s two most powerful economies USA and Canada and Mexico, the whole economic situation of the region has become a matter of close observation. If the case of Canada and USA is looked upon, there already exist a number of bilateral agreements on issues from defense, border security to trade and commerce. But from Mexican point of view, NAFTA has been much more than a simple regional trade agreement. Despite being a platform for boosting trade, participation of Mexico in NAFTA has been seen as the most effective tool to achieve two important missions. The first one has been for the purpose of directing the Mexican economy to an export-led growth path on a non-inflationary note. With USA as the major economic partner, NAFTA has been seen by the Mexican government as a platform to initiate large scale export to its much superior economic partner. Internal structure of the Mexican economy has also been made available on a platter to get a change with new set policies ensuring free trade initiative and drastic reduction in terms of tariff and quota issues to promote intra-regional trade (Moreno-Brid, Validiva & Santamaria, 2005). The second objective of the above mentioned reform process was to make the nature of this process very much irreversible. Though NAFTA accord has made sufficient provision so that any attempt to be made by the governments of future would cause the imposition of international legal and extra-legal constraints thereby deterring any attempt of returning back to the days of trade protectionism but the Salinas administration along with other supporters blunted all attack by its opponents to ensure the path of reform unruffled. The whole purpose of this treaty for Mexico was to make the nation a very lucrative region for the manufacture of products that can easily be exported to USA (Moreno-Brid et. al., 2005). à à à à à à à à à à à Now itââ¬â¢s been more than a decade that NAFTA came into existence and if the economic condition of Mexico is viewed then the expectations that was raised by the Salinas govt. has actually been partially satisfied. The country has made considerable economic advancements and these things are visible through the era of small budget deficit, low inflation that followed the treaty. Also the export of non-oil products has reached a very high level with surge in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). But euphoria associated with the treaty loses its charm when the number of jobs being created in the liberated economy is taken into account. The rate of growth of the GDP is still below the level which the economy had attained in days much prior to liberalization (Moreno-Brid et. al., 2005). à à à à à à à à à à à So, for Mexico, the outcome of being a part of NAFTA has been very limited. If the limited gains are compared with what had been expected before, the NAFTA will appear more as a failure than a success. In 1994 only, the possibility of this sort of result was predicted by eminent US political scientist Stephan Krasner. While depending on realist model Krasnar had clearly stated that though NAFTA is an excellent attempt to have a very beneficial regional agreement but from Mexico point of view itââ¬â¢s not going to yield any golden egg (Bromley, Mackintosh, Brown &à Wuyts, 2004, p. 264). The extreme differences in the business culture and size of the economies of US and Mexico will be a very important reason behind the limited success of the agreement and expecting a broad result of something like the one between US and Canada can never be achieved (Extra Material, p. 10). The economic policy of US has been more of imperialistic in nature. This very US policy gives rise to anti-Americanism. The actually reduces the extent up to which both US and Mexico could have cooperated. This is very much in agreement to Waltz theory, which has clearly mentioned that the international condition is very much anarchic due to the lack of any common controlling authority giving rise to the issues like national threat and rise of conflicts of both military and economic nature (1979). As a result the apprehensions with rich nations fearing the rise of issues of illegal migration and human trafficking, the extent of cooperation between the two states will be very limited (Hollifield, 2006). The states would be found more concerned towards maintaining their relative power in relation one another and at the same time will avoid any permanent loss to existing relationship (Bromley et. al, 2004, p. 278). à à à à à à à à à à à The much analyzed theory of Waltz on International Relations valid in almost every case can be successfully used in understanding the case of NAFTA and Mexico. The history is full of differences and conflicts between the US and Mexico with Mexico in constant fear of losing its sovereignty. This fear and the bitterness of past has always been a very important reason the success of any pact between Mexico and US. Even the economic policy of US has widely been considered as imperialistic and Mexico had become a part of NAFTA for increasing its exports especially to US, hence the Mexican establishment will always be under the influence of US economic policies and decisions and may have to modify its international economic and business policies to suit US and the economic benefits Mexico is having with the trade with such a large neighbor (Bromley et. al, 2004, p 264). à So the fear of the past was the invasion over geographical boundary with Mexico preferring Latin culture rather the pro-US North American trend. Now becoming a very important part of North American economic group, Mexico is under continuous fear of losing is control over its economy and currency and might have to face economic colonialism. à References Hollifield, J. F. (2006). Trade, Migration and Economic Development: The Risks and à à à Rewards of Openness. Retrieved June 01, 2007, from the World Wide Web:à à à à à à à à à à à http://www.dallasfed.org/news/research/2006/06migr/hollifield.pdf Moreno-Brid, J. Validiva, J. C. R. & Santamaria, J. (2005). Mexico: Economic growth à exports and industrial performance after NAFTA, Economic Development Unit. à à à à à à à à à à à Retrieved June 01, 2007, from the World Wide Web:à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à http://www.wilsoncenter.org/news/docs/Mexico_after_NAFTA_ECLAC.pdf Bromley, M. Mackintosh, W. Brown & M. Wuyts (2004).à Making the International: Economic Interdependence and political Order. Pluto Press Waltz, K. N. (1979).Realist Thought and Neorealist Thesis 1979. Journal of International à à à à à à à à à Affairs.à Retrieved June 01, 2007, from the World Wide Web:à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à à http://classes.maxwell.syr.edu/PSC783/Waltz44.pdf Govt. of India (2005). Investing in India Foreign Direct Investment -Policy & Procedures à à à à à à à à Department of Industrial Policy & Promotion, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, à à à à à Government of India, New Delhi Retrieved June 01, 2007, from the World Wide à à à à à à à à à à Web:à à http://dipp.nic.in/manual/manual_03_05.pdf Kapila, S. (2006). Iranââ¬â¢s nuclear issue: India well advised to be objective. South Asia à à à Analysis Groupà Retrieved June 01, 2007, from the World Wide à à à à à à Web:http://www.saag.org/%5Cpapers17%5Cpaper1694.html Perkovich, G. (2003).The measure of India: what makes greatness? 2003 Annual à à à à à à à à à à Fellowsââ¬â¢ Lecture, University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved June 01, 2007, from the à à à à World Wide Web:à à à à à à à à à à à www.sas.upenn.edu/casi/publications/Papers/Perkovich_2003.pdf Ã
The Role of Corruption and Virtue in ââ¬ÅA Man for All Seasonsââ¬Â
ââ¬Å"A Man for All Seasonsâ⬠is a play written by Robert Bolt. It is inspired by true events and revolves around Saint Sir Thomas More, the Chancellor of England during the 16th century.King Henry VIIIââ¬â¢s wife, Catherine of Aragon (of Spain), is unable to bear a child and provide an heir for the throne. Owing to this reason, he wishes to divorce her and marry Anne Boleyn, the sister of his former mistress.However, Saint Sir Thomas More is against this idea and refuses to approve of the Kingââ¬â¢s desire. The Pope too is against this notion as he had previously disregarded a biblical law in order to allow Henry VIII to marry his wife. What follows is the test of a manââ¬â¢s ability to abstain from falling prey to the temptation of bribery and corruption, even if it means having to give up wealth, luxury and power.Thesis: A major theme in ââ¬Å"A Man for All Seasonsâ⬠is the delineation between virtue and corruption in all its aspects, political, mental, moral and spiritual, depicted primarily through the leading characters.Robert Bolt, through the medium of the main characters in the play, has elucidates the differences between the corrupt and the conscience-driven; the immoral and the principled. The play itself is a depiction of society and its many facets.Sir Thomas More characterizes morality. He is ââ¬Å"a hero of selfhoodâ⬠, meaning that he will not compromise on his ââ¬Å"selfâ⬠or his values simply in order to please or gratify someone. He is the antithesis of the corrupt.The Common Man represents common individuals and society in general. He performs various roles to portray conventional characters that one would encounter in everyday life. Ultimately he begins to forfeit his moral standards and concedes to the audience that in life, a man must do what is required in order to subsist.The character of Richard Rich is symbolic of greed and avarice. He is a man that willingly sacrifices his ethics and principles for wea lth and position. He is the epitome of corruption and depravity. Through this representation of morality and its antithesis, the writer has aptly described to the audience the elements of corruption, in all its forms.Thomas More is the kind of man that would rather sacrifice his life than his ethics. Not only the audience but the other characters too view More as a man of morals. It is due to this fact that the King wishes to attain Moreââ¬â¢s acceptance before divorcing his wife and marrying another woman.Moreââ¬â¢s acquiescence would endow the Kingââ¬â¢s decision with morality and people would approve of it more readily. The various characters attempt to sway Moreââ¬â¢s resolution of disapproval of the Kingââ¬â¢s marriage to Anne Boleyn. His steadfastness in resisting bribes demonstrates the strength of his principles.For instance, when the Duke of Norfolk tries to convince More to sign an oath of allegiance, trying to reform England and the Church, More responds by stating, ââ¬Å"â⬠And when we stand before God, and you are sent to Heaven for doing according to your conscience, and I am sent to hell for not doing according to mine, will you come along with meââ¬âfor fellowship?â⬠The audience will notice that there exists not an ounce of corruption in the character of Thomas More. He is the representative of a noble and virtuous human being. He is beheaded because of lie told by Richard Rich and till the very end More remains a man of conscience who will not submit to bribery even if his life were to depend on it, literally. He remains a man ââ¬Å"anchored to his principlesâ⬠(36).The Common Man illustrates a middle path between the virtuous and the unscrupulous. He depicts the base nature of an average man. The choices of an average man are governed primarily by his need to survive, whether by hook or crook, and that is exactly what the Common Man portrays through his various images.His declaration ââ¬Å"Better a live rat than a dead lionâ⬠in Act II Scene vii, is a perfect example of this attitude of his. Here he is playing the jailer and affirms that heââ¬â¢d rather live by taking bribes or resorting to corruption, than die as an honorable man who will not give up upon his morals. His actions are not guided by his conscience but by his will to live, no matter what the price.Richard Rich is a superficial and insincere individual who epitomizes the height of corruption. He, along with other characters that include Thomas Cromwell, Wolsey and Chapuys has been used by the author to embody the corruption existing in society. Rich is willing to sacrifice anything to advance himself politically.He yearns for position and affluence at any cost. The opening scene itself gives us a glimpse into Richââ¬â¢s personality when he tells More that he should be a teacher and disregards Moreââ¬â¢s advice saying that he should not be chasing after wealth and power and must surrender his corrupt ways.In Act I Scene viii it is insinuated that Rich has sold his soul to the devil when he divulges information about the gilded cup to Cromwell in exchange for a job. The decisive illustration of his corrupt nature is when he lies, under oath in court, and gets his friend, More beheaded for his own selfish needs.
Sunday, September 15, 2019
The Great Gatsby Quotations
Figurative Language: Foreshadowing is used in this. When Jordan says this it foreshadows on the accident Of Daisy hitting Myrtle. 3) ââ¬Å"Some time toward midnight Tom Buchanan and Mrs.. Wilson stood face to face in impassioned voices whether Mrs.. Wilson had any right to mention Daisy name. ââ¬Å"Daisy! Daisy! Daisy! â⬠shouted Mrs.. Wilson. ââ¬Å"I'll say it whenever want to! Daisy! Dad-â⬠Making a short deft movement Tom Buchanan broke her nose with his open hand. Importance: The importance of this quote is showing how the richer class people think that being snobs makes them ââ¬Å"fancyâ⬠.It shows how the era this book was set in was a time much different hen ours. Symbolism: This shows how Tom is unworthy of Daisy and her love, no matter what his social status. It is also showing the darker side of the jazz era. Seeming Nick did not respond to Tom hitting myrtle this shows you his non-judgmental side to him. Figurative Language: Personification is used here w hen ââ¬Å"Impassioned voicesâ⬠is said, as well as ââ¬Å"a short deft movement. â⬠4) ââ¬Å"l believe that on the first night I went to Gatsby house I was one of the few guests who had actually been invited. People were not invited-?they went there. Importance: The importance Of this quote is that it is showing how society used Gatsby, they didn't know him or particularly like him, but they felt more then happy, and welcome to party at his house. Even though he would throw a party for all of New York the East egger wouldn't accept him. This also shows the general corruption of the roaring ass's. It also helps show that people wanted to escape from their empty lives. Symbolism: This quote helps show that for some reason Gatsby wanted to meet Nick, he wanted to make sure that Nick showed up. Which then helps you realize that Nick has a connection to someone or something that Gatsby wants.Which would be Daisy. Figurative Language: Foreshadowing is used. Because the fact th at Gatsby invited Nick, and no one else shows that he wants to see him badly for some reason. Which is then explained later on in the book. 5) ââ¬Å"A stout, middle-aged man, with enormous owl-eyed spectacles, was sitting somewhat drunk on the edge of a great table, staring with unsteady concentration at the shelves of books. As we entered he wheeled excitedly around and examined Jordan from head to foot. ââ¬Å"What do you think? â⬠he demanded impetuously. ââ¬Å"About what? â⬠He waved his hand towards the bookshelves ââ¬Å"About that.As a matter of fact you needn't bother to ascertain. I ascertained they re real. ââ¬Å"The books? â⬠He nodded. ââ¬Å"Absolutely read-they have pages and everything. I thought theft be a nice durable cardboard. Matter of fact they're absolutely real. Pages and-Here! Lemma show you. â⬠Importance: This quote is important to the plays pot because it helps describe how real of a man Gatsby is compared to the rest of the people i n society. It shows how Gatsby is genuine, and isn't just an illusion like everybody else in society in the ass's was. Symbolism: The constant bringing up of ââ¬Å"owl eyesâ⬠in the book is symbolizing wisdom.It symbolizes that Gatsby is a wise man. It also symbolizes for how Gatsby is blinded by assays beauty and for his love for her. Figurative Language: Owl eyes is used as a symbol in this quote, they come up often in the book. They symbolize for how Gatsby has a difficult time separating the ideal from the real. 6) ââ¬Å"l hope she'll be a fool-?that's the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little foolâ⬠¦ You see, I think everything terrible anyhowâ⬠¦ And I know. I've been everywhere and seen everything and done everything. Importance: Daisy says this to Nick and Jordan, talking about how she hopes her daughter will turn out.Importance of this is that it shows that she lives in a time when Oman are not expected to be quite intelligent, she hopes t hat her daughter can be a ââ¬Å"beautiful foolâ⬠. Woman in this era were expected to be docile. Importance to Character: This shows how she refers to the social values of her era, but does not challenge them. Instead Daisy describes her own boredom with life, and believes that a girl can have more fun in her time when she is beautiful and simplistic. Daisy conforms to the social standard of American femininity in the 1 dad's to avoid tension issues as her undying love for Gatsby.Figurative Language: This foreshadows on Tom having a mistress because Daisy is a fool. She has no idea that Tom has a mistress, so she herself is a ââ¬Å"beautifulâ⬠fool. 7) ââ¬ËThere must have been moments even that afternoon when Daisy tumbled short of his dreams-not through her own fault but because of the colossal vitality of his illusion. It had gone beyond her, beyond everything. He had thrown himself into it with a creative passionâ⬠¦ â⬠Importance: The importance of this quo te is that it explains how Gatsby expected more out of Daisy then what she could give.He expected her to be the same Daisy that he had fallen in love with before the war, and he expected her to love only Gatsby and not Gatsby and Tom. Symbolism: This shows that Gatsby is that Daisy is the golden girl. A symbolic validation that his love for her makes him a real man, while to Daisy, Gatsby is symbolic of freedom and escape, everything that Daisy wants 8) ââ¬Å"She was appalled by West Eggâ⬠¦ By its raw vigor that chafedâ⬠¦ And by the too obtrusive fate that herded it's inhabitants along a short-cut from nothing to nothing.She saw something awful in the very simplicity she failed to understandâ⬠Importance: This quote shows how Daisy is a judgmental character and does not understand what it is like to not have much money to upend. Daisy doesn't understand the amusement of new wealth partying crowd. Daisy grew up knowing that there must be a concrete difference between po or and rich. Daisy and Tom like the old traditional way of wealth, the status and reputation. They like the ââ¬Å"classy' way of life, so when there is woman there asking to daisy to have a cold shower, she is disgusted that a woman would let herself get that drunk.Symbolism: This quote shows how Daisy loves Gatsby. Even though this party disgusted her and Tom, she still tries to defend Gatsby when Tom says something nasty about the party. She rises to explain that a lot of people who weren't invited must have came, and those were the people that are acting not appropriately. 9) ââ¬Å"You ought to go away:' I said. ââ¬Å"It's pretty certain thefts trace your carâ⬠ââ¬Å"Go away now, old sport? ââ¬Å"Go to Atlantic city for a week, or up to Montrealâ⬠He wouldn't consider it. He couldn't possibly leave Daisy until he knew what she was going to do.He was clutching at some last hope and couldn't bear to shake him free. â⬠Importance: This quote shows that Gatsby is too hung up on Daisy that he can't leave without her. He believes himself to be so in love with her that e can't leave. Gatsby doesn't know that his life is at risk because Mr.. Wilson is running around the countryside trying to find the owner of the yellow car. Symbolism: This quote shows how Gatsby lives Off Of hope. It shows how hope is the only thing that is keeping him from loneliness, and from just giving up. 0) minis is a valley of ashes-?a fantastic farm where ashes grow like wheat into ridges and hills and grotesque gardens; where ashes take forms of houses and chimneys and rising smoke and, finally, with a transcendent effort, of men who move dimly and already crumbling through the powdery air. Occasionally a line of gray cars crawls along an invisible track, gives out a ghastly creak, and comes to rest, and immediately the ash-gray men swarm up with leaden spades and stir up an impenetrable cloud, which screens their obscure operations form your sight. Importance: The val ley of ashes is a dividing point between West egg and East egg, It is a division between two totally different life styles, West egg is a place full of people who are happy and searching for what to be, while East egg is full of people who are wealthy and spend money on whatever they like, while in the middle, is the valley of ashes. A place that is burnt down, nothing but grey from ashes, where it is filthy and dusty, and people are just getting by. Symbolism: The Valley of Ashes symbolizes for a place of death, of something dark.It symbolizes that dreams are left there, and that there is no hope there. The Valley of Ashes is a place where god sees everything, because of the large billboard with the dry in the large glasses on it. 1 1) ââ¬Å"It makes me sad because Eve never seen such- beautiful shirts beforeâ⬠Importance: This quote shows you how Daisy is very materialistic. After seeing Gatsby mansion, and finally seeing his bedroom and the mount of money/things he ash, she becomes overwhelmed. Symbolism: The shirts symbolize for something of the bigger picture. They symbolize a rainbow, especially because it is raining outside.The shirts show her how Gatsby become wealthy for her to love him because he knows that she is materialistic, she starts sobbing because she knows she can never return the ardent love for him. 12) ââ¬ËThey were careless people, Tom and Daisyââ¬âthey smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together and let other people clean up the sees they had madeâ⬠Importance: Tom is careless because he goes out and cheats on Daisy with myrtle, while Daisy is careless because she lets Tom go out and snoop.It makes you wonder how Gatsby received his endless amounts of money he seems to have. 4) ââ¬Å"If it wasn't for the mist we could see your home across the bayâ⬠¦ You always have a green light that burns all night at the end of yo ur dock. â⬠Importance: This quote shows how Gatsby is so in love with Daisy that he bought a house right across the bay from her, just so he could see the green light at the end of her dock. It's not quite enough for him, but its just enough to keep that hope their in Gatsby mind.Symbolism: The green light is a symbolic representation of Daisy, Which is everything that Gatsby desires. It shows how much he truly loves her. 15) ââ¬ËWith every word she was drawing further and further into herself, so he eve that up, and only the dean dream fought on as the afternoon slipped away, trying to touch what was no longer tangible, struggling unhappily, UN- despairingly, toward the lost voice across the roomâ⬠Importance: This quote shows how when Gatsby is speaking to Daisy, he realizes that she will never be his, the way that she was before.He realizes that he had lost her for good, and that she was never coming back again. Symbolism: This quote shows an illusion. It shows how Daisy was all a made up illusion in his mind, and he made her to be greater then what she actually was. Just like the American Dream, his hopes were crushed.
Saturday, September 14, 2019
Economics, Effects of Specialization Essay
Specialization basically means when an individual or businesses produce a narrow range of products in simple words, when a person or business focuses on producing one type of product because they are good in producing that product. International exchange allows for specialization, which is when one producer produces the good that comes at the least cost of production and opportunity to him or her and then trades for those goods that come at a higher production or opportunity to him or her. The law of comparative advantage explains how people can gain from trade and specialization. Comparative advantage is defined as the ability to produce a good at a lower opportunity cost than others can produce it. Therefore, specializing gives that country a comparative advantage over others. specialization also leads to economic interdependence which is when producers in one nation depend on other to provide good and services that they do not produce. ereââ¬â¢s an example : lets say China produces 500 fish and 200 cheese and Canada produces 200 fish and 500 cheese , China will stop making cheese and focus on producing more fish and Canada will stop making fish and focus more on producing cheese , in the end , they will end up trading , this is economic interdepedence when another country relies on another country for a product or service. Not only does it lead to mutual gains by allowing different countries to specialize in the production of those things they do best, but it also allows them to import goods that foreign producers are willing to supply at a lower cost than domestic producers. Resources and such differ from country to country and give some countries an advantage to producing some goods over others and prove to be more profitable and advantageous to all. By allowing for international trade, countries can specialize in those goods that they can produce most economically and them offer them to consumers at a cheaper, more affordable, and more economical price. Absolute advantage is a situation in which a nation as a result of its previous experience can produce more of a good, with the same amount of resources, than another nation. till , this doesnt mean that just because one country has an absolute advantage that the countries cannot gain from international trade. countries can still gain as long as relative production costs differ. 3 reasons why International trade is necessary International trade allows countries to learn from each other and take in new ideas. international trade is needed between countries is because resources that country needs are not available everywhere. international trade is necessary is that it reduces the risk for one economy.
Friday, September 13, 2019
Chapter 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3
Chapter 2 - Essay Example Sticking to the goals is one of the fundamental aspects of success. Indeed, we live and work for a purpose of achieving our targets. As such, keeping ones focus is a responsibility that should remain supreme. For example, I had always wanted to score top grades in my studies though initially I was not good in classwork and discussions. I faced many challenges including financial constraints, low self-esteem, difficulties in learning, peer pressure, and lack of moral support. However, I kept the focus by initiating personal engagements with my tutors, visiting the library, increasing my input in discussions, and attending all lectures. I made a personal commitment to take my studies seriously with an aim of attaining high marks. As a result, my grades are now on an upward trend. Most importantly, I had to maintain consistency in my quest to attain my targets. Therefore, I made my commitment in education a norm and habit that I followed at all times. Had I not being constant, I would h ave fallen out and would hence not achieve my purpose. There are benefits of using this point in that it teaches me on the need to establish a target and work towards it. Having a purpose in life allows one to concentrate their efforts to something of interest to them and hence high chances of success. Additionally, the point teaches me on the need to observe consistency in seeking to achieve oneââ¬â¢s goals. Indeed, without consistency, ones concentration on the set goals would vary thus affecting the probability of succeeding. Furthermore, one cannot claim to have focused when he is doing his things haphazardly with no uniformity. Actually, the use of this point helps in understanding that consistency leads to the adoption of a code of conduct and a code of ethics that facilitate the realization of goals, minimizes mistakes and variations. In fact, it is focus to the set goals and consistency in working towards them that ensures Total Quality
Thursday, September 12, 2019
What are the problem with the Aral sea Research Paper
What are the problem with the Aral sea - Research Paper Example Aral is translated in Kazakh to mean ââ¬Å"islandâ⬠. These islands form one important highway referred as the Silk Road, which lead all the way from Asia to Europe (STONE, 1999). In the recent years, Aral has attracted the world attention following its great degradation, a factor that has been termed one of the worst man-made disasters of this age. Currently, this sea is ranked the eighth largest after dropping four steps down from its previous fourth position. The problems experienced today are traced back to moves made in the past that saw water from rivers Syrdarya and Amudarya diverted for use in irrigation. Consequently, the sea underwent serious shrinkage that altered the climate and thus livelihood of many people whom once dependent on these sea. General Problem Background The period marking 1960s experience a robust increase in irrigation activities, this in turn posed serious implications on Aral ecosystem. Such is the case that the Amudarya delta that is situated on t he southern side of the sea formed a significant irrigation area approximated to cover about 28,000 sq. km. This area was used in the production of cotton and rice considered the most lucrative crops in the region. Following the onset of cold war, this region was set apart by former U.S.S.R to serve as a land that would offer freedom from the west. Although considered less productive, the planners never considered the possible desertification occurrence. Today, the Aral Sea faces a risk of vanishing after it retreated more than 100 km from its initial boundaries. People visiting this place will come across fishing boats abandoned and other marine equipment scattered all over the place. In addition, the area is marked by dusty plains that were once covered with water (Pala, 2005). The area began experiencing the negative effects after the water quantity diminished significantly to cause a rise in salinity. Consequently, the highly saline environment proved toxic to fishes and other w ildlife living in the sea. The first case of this drastic rise in salinity was reported between 1970 and 1974, when it was insinuated to have risen from 12 ââ¬â 14 percent. By early 1980s, the salinity level stroked a 23 percent mark, a factor that left close to 60, 0000 people jobless due to reduction in fish. This period marked the end of commercial fishing and many other related businesses. Further reports insinuate that 200 species of the known 500 species of birds existing in the region have perished in the last four decades. As it is now, waters from Syrdarya in the north and Amudarya in the south hardly reach the sea, thanks to the heavy diversions to cater for the many irrigation activities in the region. The period between 1960 and 1995 realized a great decrease in the seaââ¬â¢s surface area following a loss of about three quarters of the total water volume (Pala, 2006).This also marked a significant reduction in the water depth which is placed at 19 meters. Another significant damage relates to NE winds that are said to blow off salty dust from the sea to area close and far. This process has been linked to transfer of millions of tons of salt dust every year. Such is the case that aerosols are blown into higher layers forming the atmosphere, which later spread across the globe (Glantz, 1999).This is true, as evidence gathered from Antarctic penguin showed traces of pesticides used in the Aral region. This dust forms from mixtures of agricultural chemicals and the frequently used fertilizer considered toxic to both humans and animals. In this region, the salt and pesticide used find its way deep into the ground water, a
Wednesday, September 11, 2019
Service Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words
Service Marketing - Essay Example Service marketing in simple terms refers to both the business-to-business (B2B) and business to consumer (B2C) services and involves marketing such services as financial services, telecommunication services, all kinds of hospitality services, air travel, car rental services, professional services, as well as health care services (Lovelock & Gummesson 2004, p. 21). Thus, service marketing is a variety of the expressions and approaches of marketing ideas conducted with the hope of effectiveness in conveyance of ideas to wide range of population of individuals who receive it. As this paper is emphasizing on marketing of services, it is not good to overlook the concept of ââ¬Å"service.â⬠Services are the diverse economic activities offered to people or parties by another person or party. They are often time-based and effective performance brings about the desired outcomes to the objects, recipients, or the other assets of interest for which the purchasers have responsibility. The service customers anticipate value from their access to labor, goods, facilities, professional skills, systems, and networks in exchange for time, money, and effort. However, service customers do not assume ownership of the diverse physical elements involved (Lovelock & Wirtz 2011, p. 35). In the present day, every business entity is interested in promoting its business with such strategies of marketing that will foster its performance via the roof. There are numerous service sector businesses plugged with techniques of product marketing and this is the prime time for them to improve their marketing performance. In fact, services are totally different from products since they are intangible. In addition, the target audience for products and services is different hence the need of applying different strategies of promotion in order to attract potential clients. For effective promotion of services in order to generate significant buzz, service marketers are encouraged to employ 7 Ps i n their strategies of service marketing mix. The 7 Ps marketing mix is an extension of the 4 Ps marketing mix, which are the known as the marketing core strategies. The purpose of this paper is to provide advice to Mr Hirohito in his new venture of starting a high street restaurant in London. The paper shall provide information of how to develop appropriate strategies aimed at extended services marketing mix. It will also provide recommendations for action and preparation and presentation of informed, systematic, and effective marketing report as the basis for marketing decisions. Background Information: Hirohito Yamachu set up Wakaba Ltd, a London-based food company, in 2009 after being made redundant while working as head chef in Bank of Japanââ¬â¢s staff restaurant. The main business of Wakaba Ltd is involved in the supply of ready-to-eat ââ¬Ësushiââ¬â¢ meals and cooked Japanese cuisine to staff via company canteens in London City area. Currently, the business prides in its list of clients, which includes J P Morgan, Bank of Japan, Barclays, Chase Manhattan, and City Corp. While working there, his cooking was loved and much favored by the employees of the company unlike most of the other staff canteens. CEOs and senior managers even invited business clients, relations, and friends from outside for lunch in the staff restaurant. In 2008, unfortunately, Hirohito Yamachu became a casualty as the restructuring plan of the company as well as the ensuing BPR exercise reached an agreement of outsourcing in-house catering facilities. Termination of his career made him to establish his own business. Bank of Japan became his first client, as he did not need much introduction or serious marketing efforts. His cooking was done at his home with the aid of some family members
Tuesday, September 10, 2019
Management finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words
Management finance - Essay Example The reporting system in the company is new and shall be changing the norms and the culture of the company. With the introduction of new processes to the company operations then it is usually faced with resistant from the employees. The change in the processes of the company and the introduction of new process or norm is resisted whether it comes from inside or from outside of the company (Leanne, 2009). The reporting system in the company is resisted as well and employees consider it as the means of under estimating their performances in the company and shall not be able to truly evaluate their performances. The reporting system shall be considered as in just for the employees as the manager shall be taken the advantage of the performance and the employees and/or workers shall not be recognized for their performance (Debra & Bradley, 1999). Thus in order to get a better response and acceptability from the employees the report should be the true reflection of the performance of the em ployees. Budget is the most important part of reporting as the actual performance of the department is compared with the budget and thus the evaluation is done. The involvement of the employees shall be playing an important role in the reports as when the budget is prepared with the input from the employees considered along with the management perceptions then the budget prepared shall be much more realistic and achievable and the reports shall be getting a positive and accepted response by the employees (David, 2003). Budget is an integral part of the report and is utilized throughout the process, which involve planning, implementing and control (Mukdad, 2011), as the company enhances its internal controls and thus progress towards a more effective and controlled procedures. The budget in the report shall be much realistic, which involves the employees and the managers of all the departments of the company can attain and thus prepare a realistic and
Monday, September 9, 2019
Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words
Criminal Law - Essay Example It was held that in determining whether or not the defendant lost his/her self-control, the jury may consider that are not confined to the defendantââ¬â¢s age and gender.6 Therefore Douglas, having just returned from a long road trip and having found his young wife in bed with his neighbour may be mitigating factors. Douglas appears to have been in total control however. He went to a pub which might indicate that the incident did not provoke him to such an extent that he lost control and acted in the heat of passion. However, by virtue of Section 54(2) of the 2009 the loss of self-control element does not have to be sudden.7 Therefore the fact that Douglas went to a pub after finding his wife in bed with the neighbour prior to stabbing the neighbour will not be a factor in his defence of provocation. The most significant problem for Douglas is proving that the stabbing was not an act of revenge. According to Section 54(4), Section 54(1) will not apply if ââ¬Å"D acted in a consid ered desire for revengeâ⬠.8 However, since the 2009 Act fails to define what is a ââ¬Å"considered desire for revengeâ⬠this part of the provocation defence is difficult to assess at this time. It may be that Douglasââ¬â¢ intoxication may act as evidence that he was not acting in revenge since the word considered tends to suggest that some thought and preparation preceded the act. The ultimate test for Douglas is provided for under Section 55 of the Coroners and Justice Act 2009. Section 55 provides that the qualifying trigger is satisfied if things that were said and/or done were of an ââ¬Å"extremely grave characterâ⬠and ââ¬Å"caused D to have a justifiable sense of being seriously wrongedâ⬠.9 In this regard, having returned home from a long road trip and finding his young wife in bed with the neighbour may be considered conduct of a seriously grave character to justify a sense of being seriously wronged. Unfortunately, Section 55(c) will deprive Douglas of this defence because, infidelity is not a qualifying trigger. 10 Douglas will therefore not be able to use the provocation defence by virtue of Section 54 of the 2009 Act. The defence of intoxication relies on distinguishing between being drunk and intoxicated. For instance an individual may be drunk when he/she commits a criminal act that he/she would not otherwise commit in a sober state. However, the defence of intoxication is not available if the mens rea for the offence charged was formed while the defendant was drunk.11 As the court cautioned in Sheehan, ââ¬Å"a drunken intent is nevertheless an intentâ⬠.12 The court went on to state that: The jury should merely be instructed to have regard to all the evidence, including that relating to drink, to draw such inferences as they think proper from the evidence, and on that basis to ask themselves whether they feel sure that at the material time the defendant had the requisite intent.13 This ruling is very important to Do uglasââ¬â¢s defence of intoxication. This means that the jury is entitled to take into consideration the facts and circumstances occurring prior to Douglasââ¬â¢
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